Question

Люди,помогите,пожалуйста!!!ПРОШУ!!!!!1.Укажите конкретные примеры расширения границ ойкумены за счет 1. пустынных и полупустынных территорий 2. арктических и субарктических 3. предгорных и горных 4. сведения лесных массивов 5. Мирового океана (в том числе в пределах России

Answer 1

1) строительство оросительных каналов в Туркменистане, Ставропольском крае
2) добыча нефти и газа в Заполярье России
3) олимпийская деревня в горах Кавказа
4) вырубка лесов Амазонии
5) строительство небоскрёбов на искусственных островах Персидского залива

Answer 2

Expansion of Borders of the Oecumene

The expansion of borders of the Oecumene (inhabited world) can occur through various means, including the incorporation of previously uninhabited or sparsely populated territories, the exploration and settlement of Arctic and subarctic regions, the utilization of foothills and mountainous areas, the expansion of forested areas, and the exploration and exploitation of the World Ocean. Here are some specific examples of each:

1. Expansion into uninhabited and sparsely populated territories: One example of the expansion of borders into uninhabited and sparsely populated territories is the colonization of Siberia in Russia. Siberia, with its vast stretches of tundra and taiga, was sparsely populated before Russian colonization. The Russian Empire expanded its borders eastward into Siberia, establishing settlements and exploiting the region's natural resources [[1]].

2. Exploration and settlement of Arctic and subarctic regions: The exploration and settlement of Arctic and subarctic regions have also contributed to the expansion of borders. For example, the Russian Federation has been actively exploring and developing the Arctic region, including the establishment of military bases and the exploitation of natural resources. This expansion is driven by factors such as the melting of Arctic ice, which has opened up new shipping routes and increased access to resources [[2]].

3. Utilization of foothills and mountainous areas: The expansion of borders into foothills and mountainous areas can be seen in various regions around the world. One example is the expansion of settlements and infrastructure into the Himalayan region. Countries like India, Nepal, and Bhutan have expanded their borders into the Himalayas, establishing towns and cities in the foothills and even higher up in the mountains [[3]].

4. Expansion of forested areas: The expansion of borders into forested areas can occur through deforestation and the establishment of settlements or agricultural activities. For example, the expansion of borders into the Amazon rainforest in Brazil has been driven by deforestation for agriculture, logging, and mining. This has led to the establishment of settlements and the expansion of agricultural activities into previously forested areas [[4]].

5. Exploration and exploitation of the World Ocean: The expansion of borders within the World Ocean, including within the territorial waters of countries, can occur through the exploration and exploitation of marine resources. For example, Russia has claimed an extensive portion of the Arctic Ocean, including the North Pole, as part of its continental shelf, based on geological evidence of its connection to the Russian landmass [[5]].

These are just a few examples of how the borders of the Oecumene have expanded through the incorporation of previously uninhabited or sparsely populated territories, the exploration and settlement of Arctic and subarctic regions, the utilization of foothills and mountainous areas, the expansion of forested areas, and the exploration and exploitation of the World Ocean.

I hope this information is helpful! Let me know if you have any further questions.