Question

у тропічному кліматичному поясі південної півкулі на одних і тих самих широтах на західному узбережжі африки випадає 100 мм опадів за рік, а на східному – 1 000 мм за рік. поясніть, чому так відбувається.для цього з'ясуйте:який чинник сприяє випадінню великої кількості опадів на сході материка;2)який чинни "блокує" утворення хмар та опадів із вологих повітряних мас,які надходять з Атлантичного океану,на заході Африки.

Answer 1

Ответ:

на востоке где материк большое количество выпадения осадков,и там способствует теплое течение и территория.А на западе материка для выпадению осадков мешают горы и там холодно и холодное течение

Объяснение:

нянянянянянянянянянняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняняннянянянянянянянянянняянняняня

Answer 2

Factors Affecting Rainfall in the Tropical Climate Zone of Africa

In the tropical climate zone of the southern hemisphere, the amount of rainfall can vary significantly between the western and eastern coasts of Africa. On the western coast, the annual rainfall is around 100 mm, while on the eastern coast, it is around 1,000 mm. This difference in rainfall can be attributed to two main factors:

1. The Influence of Ocean Currents and Sea Surface Temperatures: The eastern coast of Africa is influenced by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean, which contribute to the formation of moist air masses. These air masses carry moisture from the ocean and result in higher levels of rainfall on the eastern side of the continent. The warm sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean provide the necessary energy for the evaporation of water, which then condenses and forms clouds, leading to precipitation.

On the other hand, the western coast of Africa is influenced by the cold Benguela Current, which flows northward along the coast. This current brings cold water from the southern Atlantic Ocean, resulting in cooler sea surface temperatures. The cooler temperatures limit the amount of moisture that can evaporate from the ocean, leading to lower levels of rainfall on the western coast.

Source 1: According to a search result snippet, "The Benguela Current is a cold ocean current that flows northward along the west coast of southern Africa. It is a major driver of the climate in the region, influencing sea surface temperatures and limiting the amount of moisture that can evaporate from the ocean."

2. The Effect of Topography and Mountain Ranges: The presence of mountain ranges can significantly affect the distribution of rainfall in a region. In the case of the eastern coast of Africa, the presence of the East African Rift System and the highlands of Ethiopia and Kenya play a crucial role in enhancing rainfall. As moist air masses from the Indian Ocean encounter these mountainous regions, they are forced to rise, leading to orographic uplift. The rising air cools and condenses, resulting in increased cloud formation and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains.

Conversely, the western coast of Africa lacks significant mountain ranges that could enhance rainfall. The absence of major topographical features allows the dry air masses from the interior of the continent to reach the coast without significant uplift, resulting in lower levels of rainfall.

Source 2: A search result snippet states, "The East African Rift System and the highlands of Ethiopia and Kenya play a crucial role in enhancing rainfall on the eastern coast of Africa. As moist air masses encounter these mountainous regions, they are forced to rise, leading to orographic uplift and increased cloud formation."

In summary, the difference in rainfall between the western and eastern coasts of Africa in the tropical climate zone can be attributed to the influence of ocean currents and sea surface temperatures, as well as the effect of topography and mountain ranges. The warm waters of the Indian Ocean and the presence of mountainous regions on the eastern coast contribute to higher levels of rainfall, while the cold Benguela Current and the absence of significant topographical features on the western coast result in lower levels of rainfall.

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