Question

По климатической карте Африки проследите изменение годового количества осадков с севера на юг по 20° в. д. Установите связь количества осадков с поясами атмосферного давления и воздушными массами.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Объяснение:

Я сама ищю ответ ;(

Answer 2

Climate Map of Africa and Changes in Annual Precipitation from North to South at 20° E

The climate of Africa varies significantly from north to south due to its vast size and diverse geographical features. To understand the changes in annual precipitation from north to south along the 20° E longitude line, we can refer to the climate map of Africa.

According to the climate map, the northern part of Africa, including countries like Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Egypt, falls within the Mediterranean climate zone. This region experiences mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. The annual precipitation in this zone generally ranges from 200 to 600 millimeters.

Moving southward along the 20° E line, we enter the Sahel region, which is characterized by a semi-arid climate. The Sahel stretches across several countries, including Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan, and Eritrea. The annual precipitation in this region is relatively low, ranging from 100 to 600 millimeters. The Sahel experiences a single rainy season, which typically occurs between June and September.

Further south, we reach the tropical rainforest zone that covers countries like Nigeria, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Uganda. This region receives abundant rainfall throughout the year, with annual precipitation ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 millimeters. The high rainfall in this zone is primarily influenced by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which brings together warm, moist air masses from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Relationship between Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure Zones, and Air Masses

The distribution of precipitation in Africa is closely related to the atmospheric pressure zones and air masses that influence the continent's weather patterns. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Atmospheric Pressure Zones: The distribution of atmospheric pressure across Africa plays a crucial role in determining the movement of air masses and the resulting precipitation patterns. The two main pressure zones that affect Africa are the Subtropical High-Pressure Belt and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).

- The Subtropical High-Pressure Belt, also known as the Saharan High, is located over the Sahara Desert and the surrounding areas. This high-pressure system inhibits the formation of clouds and precipitation, resulting in arid conditions in the Sahara and Sahel regions. - The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is an area of low pressure that forms near the equator. It is characterized by the convergence of trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The ITCZ is a significant driver of rainfall in Africa, particularly in the tropical rainforest zone.

2. Air Masses: Air masses are large bodies of air with similar temperature and humidity characteristics. In Africa, two main air masses influence the precipitation patterns:

- Tropical Maritime (mT) Air Mass: This air mass originates from the Atlantic Ocean and brings warm, moist air to the coastal regions of West Africa. It contributes to the high rainfall in the tropical rainforest zone. - Tropical Continental (cT) Air Mass: This air mass originates from the Sahara Desert and brings hot, dry air to the Sahel region. It suppresses rainfall and contributes to the semi-arid conditions in this area.

The interaction between these atmospheric pressure zones and air masses determines the amount and distribution of precipitation across Africa. The Subtropical High-Pressure Belt inhibits rainfall in the Sahara and Sahel regions, while the ITCZ and the influence of maritime air masses contribute to the high rainfall in the tropical rainforest zone.

Please note that the information provided is based on general climate patterns and may vary within specific regions of Africa.