Question

Ответьте письменно на вопросы по тексту 1. How many categories of institutions does the system of higher education include? 2. Why do 40 per cent of all American students study at the community colleges? 3. What does the technical training institution presuppose? 4. What may the university contain? Higher Education in the USA Many students, upon finishing high school, choose to continue their education. The system of higher education includes 4 categories of institutions. The community college is financed by the local community in different professions. Tuition fees are low in these colleges, that's why about 40 per cent of all American students of higher education study at these colleges. On graduation from such colleges American students get “associate degree” and can start to work or may transfer to 4-year colleges or universities (usually to the 3rd year). The technical training institution, at which high school graduates may take courses, and learn different technical skills, which may include design business, computer programming, accounting, etc. The best-known of them are: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Technological Institute in California. The four-year college is not a part of a university. The graduates receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science. There are also small Art Colleges, which grant degrees in specialized fields such as ballet, film-making and even circus performance. There are also Pedagogical Colleges. The university may contain: • several colleges for students who want to receive a bachelor's degree after four years of study; • one or more graduate schools for those who want to continue their studies after college for about two years to receive a Master's degree and then a doctor's degree. There are 156 universities in the USA.

Answer 1

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Answer 2

How many categories of institutions does the system of higher education include?

The system of higher education in the USA includes four categories of institutions These categories are:

1. Community colleges: These colleges are financed by the local community and offer education in various professions. They typically have low tuition fees, which is why about 40 percent of all American students of higher education study at these colleges.

2. Technical training institutions: These institutions provide courses and training in technical skills such as design, business, computer programming, and accounting. Examples of well-known technical training institutions in the USA include the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Technological Institute in California.

3. Four-year colleges: These colleges are separate from universities and offer bachelor's degree programs. Graduates from four-year colleges receive a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree. There are also small art colleges that specialize in fields such as ballet, film-making, and circus performance. Additionally, there are pedagogical colleges that focus on teacher education.

4. Universities: Universities are comprehensive institutions that can contain several colleges for students who want to receive a bachelor's degree after four years of study. They may also have one or more graduate schools for those who want to continue their studies after college to receive a Master's degree and then a doctor's degree.

Why do 40 percent of all American students study at community colleges?

Approximately 40 percent of all American students of higher education choose to study at community colleges. This is primarily because community colleges offer several advantages, including:

1. Affordability: Community colleges generally have lower tuition fees compared to other institutions of higher education. This makes them more accessible and affordable for students, especially those who may have financial constraints.

2. Flexibility: Community colleges often offer a wide range of courses and programs that cater to different interests and career goals. Students can choose from various vocational and technical programs, as well as general education courses that can be transferred to four-year colleges or universities.

3. Local community support: Community colleges are often financed by the local community, which can lead to a stronger connection between the college and the community it serves. This support can provide additional resources and opportunities for students, such as internships, job placements, and networking.

4. Smooth transition to higher education: Community colleges provide a pathway for students to start their higher education journey. Students who complete their studies at a community college can earn an associate degree and then transfer to a four-year college or university to continue their education and pursue a bachelor's degree.

What does the technical training institution presuppose?

A technical training institution, such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Technological Institute in California, provides courses and training in various technical skills. These skills can include design, business, computer programming, accounting, and more.

Technical training institutions typically offer specialized programs that focus on practical skills and hands-on training. They aim to equip students with the knowledge and expertise needed to excel in specific technical fields. These institutions often have a strong emphasis on applied learning, research, and innovation.

What may the university contain?

A university in the USA can contain several components, including:

1. Colleges: A university may have several colleges that offer undergraduate programs leading to a bachelor's degree. These colleges can be specialized in specific fields of study, such as engineering, arts and sciences, business, education, and more. Students can choose their major and pursue a bachelor's degree within the college that aligns with their academic interests and career goals.

2. Graduate schools: Universities often have one or more graduate schools that offer advanced degree programs. These programs are designed for students who have completed their undergraduate studies and want to pursue further education at the master's or doctoral level. Graduate schools provide opportunities for specialized research, advanced coursework, and professional development.

It's important to note that the specific structure and components of a university can vary. Some universities may have additional components, such as professional schools (e.g., law schools, medical schools), research centers, and institutes that focus on specific areas of study or research