Question

Помогите перевести на английский язык. Есть текст, оттуда можно взять термины. Задание 6. Translate the sentences from Russian into English: 1. Удовлетворить долгосрочные нужды можно либо получением заема, либо продажей облигаций. 2. Если предприятие не принесет доход быстро, фирма будет вынуждена взять долгосрочный заем. 3. Трудно найти инвесторов, которые хотели бы купить облигации без обеспечения. 4. Специальное соглашение уточняет условия выпуска облигаций. 5. Компания может выкупить облигации до истечения срока платежа. 6. Фирма платит проценты по долгу в течение трех лет. When a business needs funds to construct a new assembly line or to do extensive research and development which may not begin to bring in revenues for several years, short term financing wouldn't work. In this case, business will need long term sources of funds. Firms may meet long term needs by increasing the company's debt either by getting loans or by selling bonds. A long term loan is a loan that has a maturity of from one to ten years. Within this period of time the firm pays interest on the debt. Sometimes the lender protects his financial position by requiring that the company obtain the lender's permission before taking on any additional long term debt. If the loan is particularly risky, the lender may even require the firm to limit or eliminate dividends to stockholders. If the firm wants to be free of lender's restrictions, it may issue bonds. These are long term debts with a maturity date of 20 to 30 years in the future. Governments issue government bonds. Corporations issue corporate bonds which may be secured or unsecured. If a company wants to sell bonds it can offer some collateral. It is difficult, if not impossible, to find investors who are willing to buy bonds which are not backed up by collateral. Only huge corporations such as AT&T can successfully issue unsecured bonds, which are called debentures. Most bonds carry a face value of $1000 and pay a predetermined interest rate (the coupon rate). The company pays this interest regularly according to the indenture agreement which specifies the terms of a bond issue. The company may retire bonds before they mature if the indenture agreement contains a call provision. In this case the firm pays the bondholders a redemption premium. Another flexible feature in some agreements is the conversion privilege. It allows bondholders to convert their investment into a stated number of shares of common stock. If the price of the company's common stock is going up, the investors can profit from conversion. Convertibility makes the bond issue more attractive to potential investors.

Answer 1

1. To meet the long-term needs, it's possible making a loan or selling bonds.
2. If the company does not earn the income quickly, the company will have to take a long-term loan.
3.It is hard to find investors who would like to buy unsecured bonds
4.Special agreement clarifies the conditions of the bond issue.
5.The company can buy out bonds before the payment expiration
6. The company pays interest on the debt within three years.

Answer 2

1. Long-term needs can be satisfied either by obtaining a loan or by selling bonds. 2. If a business does not generate income quickly, the firm will need to take out a long-term loan. 3. It is difficult to find investors who would be willing to buy unsecured bonds. 4. The terms of issuing bonds are specified in a special agreement. 5. The company has the option to redeem bonds before their payment due date. 6. The firm pays interest on the debt for three years.

When a business needs funds for activities such as constructing a new assembly line or conducting extensive research and development that may not generate revenues for several years, short-term financing is not suitable. In such cases, the business will require long-term sources of funds. Companies can meet their long-term needs by increasing their debt through loans or by selling bonds. A long-term loan refers to a loan with a maturity period ranging from one to ten years, during which the firm pays interest on the debt. Sometimes the lender may impose conditions that the company must obtain permission before taking on additional long-term debt. If the loan is particularly risky, the lender may even require the firm to restrict or eliminate dividends to stockholders. To avoid such restrictions, the firm may choose to issue bonds. Bonds are long-term debts with a maturity date that can be 20 to 30 years in the future. Government bonds are issued by governments, while corporations issue corporate bonds, which can be secured or unsecured. If a company wants to sell bonds, it can offer collateral to back them up. It is difficult, if not impossible, to find investors who are willing to buy bonds without collateral. Only large corporations, like AT&T, can successfully issue unsecured bonds, known as debentures. Most bonds have a face value of $1000 and pay a predetermined interest rate (coupon rate). The company pays interest regularly according to the terms specified in the indenture agreement, which outlines the bond issue. If the indenture agreement includes a call provision, the company may retire bonds before they mature and pay the bondholders a redemption premium. Another flexible feature in some agreements is the conversion privilege, which allows bondholders to convert their investment into a stated number of shares of common stock. If the price of the company's common stock increases, investors can profit from conversion. Convertibility makes the bond issue more appealing to potential investors.