Question

Это сложно, задние не для всех , кто сможет прощу помочь ,заранее спасибо! Даю 30 баллов! Нужно очень срочно, срок 1 день Phraseology. Lexicography The vocabulary of a language is enriched not only by words but also by phraseological units. Phraseological units are word-groups that cannot be made in the process of speech, they exist in the language as ready-made units. They are compiled in special dictionaries. The same as words phraseological units express a single notion and are used in a sentence as one part of it. American and British lexicographers call such units «idioms». We can mention such dictionaries as: L.Smith «Words and Idioms», V.Collins «A Book of English Idioms» etc. In these dictionaries we can find words, peculiar in their semantics (idiomatic), side by side with word-groups and sentences. In these dictionaries they are arranged, as a rule, into different semantic groups. Phraseological units can be classified according to the ways they are formed, according to the degree of the motivation of their meaning, according to their structure and according to their part-of-speech meaning. Examples 1. Rome was not built in a day. 2. Patience is a plaster for all sores. 3. Measure thrice and cut once. 4. Learn wisdom by the follies of others. 5. Judge not of men and things at first sight. 6. He jests at scars that never felt a wound. 7. He knows best what good is that has endured evil. 8. Curses like chickens come home to roost. 9. Custom is a second nature. 10. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. Practical task Choose the correct phraseological unit to fill in the gaps in the sentences below: Dark horse, to work like a dog, sour grapes, to lord it over, Achilles heel, to put one’s cards on the table, red tape, to see smb in the flesh, fat cats, around the clock 1. Workers are losing their jobs while the … who run the company are getting richer. 2. Stuart’s getting married? He’s a … - I never even knew he had a girlfriend. 3. He was a gifted businessman, but greed was his …. 4. If I criticize her book, people will think it’s just…. 5. There’s so much … involved in getting a visa. 6. Doctors and nurses worked … to help people injured in the train crash. 7. She thought it was time … and told him that she had no intention of marrying him. 8. He likes … the more junior stuff in the office. 9. I knew his face so well from the photos that it felt a bit strange when I finally …. 10. He … all day to finish the wallpapering.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. Workers are losing their jobs while the fat cats who run the company are getting richer.  

2. Stuart’s getting married? He’s a dark horse - I never even knew he had a girlfriend.  

3. He was a gifted businessman, but greed was his Achilles heel.  

4. If I criticize her book, people will think it’s just sour grapes.  

5. There’s so much red tape involved in getting a visa.  

6. Doctors and nurses worked around the clock to help people injured in the train crash.  

7. She thought it was time to put her cards on the table and told him that she had no intention of marrying him.  

8. He likes to lord it over the more junior stuff in the office.  

9. I knew his face so well from the photos that it felt a bit strange when I finally saw him in the flesh.  

10. He worked like a dog all day to finish the wallpapering.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Phraseological units, also known as idioms, are word-groups that cannot be created spontaneously in speech but exist as ready-made units in a language. They contribute to enriching the vocabulary of a language, alongside individual words. Phraseological units are compiled in special dictionaries, such as L. Smith's "Words and Idioms" and V. Collins' "A Book of English Idioms."

Classification of Phraseological Units Phraseological units can be classified in various ways:

1. Formation: They can be classified according to the ways they are formed. This includes idioms that are based on metaphorical or figurative language, such as "to kick the bucket" (meaning to die), or idioms that have historical or cultural origins, such as "to break the ice" (meaning to initiate a conversation).

2. Degree of Motivation: They can be classified according to the degree of motivation of their meaning. Some idioms have a transparent meaning that can be deduced from the individual words used, while others have a less transparent or even arbitrary meaning. For example, the idiom "to let the cat out of the bag" (meaning to reveal a secret) is less transparent than the idiom "to kick the bucket."

3. Structure: They can be classified according to their structure. This includes idioms that consist of a fixed combination of words, such as "to have a whale of a time" (meaning to have a great time), or idioms that have a specific grammatical structure, such as "to be on cloud nine" (meaning to be extremely happy).

4. Part-of-Speech Meaning: They can be classified according to their part-of-speech meaning. This includes idioms that function as nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs. For example, the idiom "to hit the nail on the head" functions as a verb phrase.

Examples of Phraseological Units Here are some examples of phraseological units:

1. Rome was not built in a day. 2. Patience is a plaster for all sores. 3. Measure thrice and cut once. 4. Learn wisdom by the follies of others. 5. Judge not of men and things at first sight. 6. He jests at scars that never felt a wound. 7. He knows best what good is that has endured evil. 8. Curses like chickens come home to roost. 9. Custom is a second nature. 10. Everybody's business is nobody's business.

Practical Task: Choosing the Correct Phraseological Units 1. Workers are losing their jobs while the fat cats who run the company are getting richer. 2. Stuart's getting married? He's a dark horse - I never even knew he had a girlfriend. 3. He was a gifted businessman, but greed was his Achilles heel. 4. If I criticize her book, people will think it's just sour grapes. 5. There's so much red tape involved in getting a visa. 6. Doctors and nurses worked around the clock to help people injured in the train crash. 7. She thought it was time to put one's cards on the table and told him that she had no intention of marrying him. 8. He likes to lord it over the more junior stuff in the office. 9. I knew his face so well from the photos that it felt a bit strange when I finally saw him in the flesh. 10. He worked like a dog all day to finish the wallpapering.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.