Question

Explain the difference in meaning between the sentences. 1. a. Have you read Oliver Twist. b. Have you been reading Oliver Twist? 2. a. We arrived at the hotel early in the morning. b. We had arrived at the hotel before the demonstration began. 3. a. Maria went out when George rang up. b. Maria had gone out when George rang up. c. Maria was going out when George rang up. 4. a. I had read the report before I went to bed. b. I had been reading the report for an hour when she came back from the theatre. 5. a. This time next summer we will be taking our entrance exams. b. By next July we will have passed our entrance exams.​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1 b)

2 b)

3 b)

4 a)

5 a)

6 b)

7 b)

8 a)

9 a)

10 c)

Answer 2

Certainly, I can explain the differences in meaning between the sentences in each pair:

1. a. Have you read Oliver Twist? b. Have you been reading Oliver Twist?

   In the first sentence (a), you are asking if the person has ever read the book "Oliver Twist" at any point in their life. In the second sentence (b), you are asking if the person is currently reading "Oliver Twist" or has been reading it recently. Sentence (a) focuses on the past action of reading, while sentence (b) focuses on the ongoing or recent reading activity.

2. a. We arrived at the hotel early in the morning. b. We had arrived at the hotel before the demonstration began.

   In sentence (a), it describes a simple past action of arriving at the hotel in the early morning. In sentence (b), it indicates that the arrival at the hotel occurred before another past action, which is the beginning of the demonstration. Sentence (b) emphasizes the sequence of events.

3. a. Maria went out when George rang up. b. Maria had gone out when George rang up. c. Maria was going out when George rang up.

   In sentence (a), Maria went out at the same time George rang her. In sentence (b), Maria had already gone out before George rang her. Sentence (b) suggests that her going out happened before the phone call. In sentence (c), Maria was in the process of going out when George called her. It implies that her departure was in progress at the time of the call.

4. a. I had read the report before I went to bed. b. I had been reading the report for an hour when she came back from the theatre.

   In sentence (a), you had completed reading the report before going to bed. In sentence (b), you had been continuously reading the report for an hour when another event (she coming back from the theatre) occurred. Sentence (b) emphasizes the ongoing nature of the reading.

5. a. This time next summer we will be taking our entrance exams. b. By next July we will have passed our entrance exams.

   In sentence (a), it indicates a future action of taking entrance exams at a specific time next summer. In sentence (b), it suggests that by next July, the action of passing the entrance exams will have already been completed. Sentence (b) focuses on the result of the action rather than the action itself.