Question

Помогите пожалуйста!!! Infinitive or gerund 1) I demand (know) the truth 2) he appears (be) happy 3) I attempted (speak) but was told to be quiet 4) Jack dislikes (be spoken to) like that 5) nothing can excuse (lie) to your parents 6) they denied (tell) his mother about the fight 7) She consented (marry) Jonathan 8) The boy admitted (break) the window 9) one could hardly avoid (notice him)

Answer 1

Инфинитив – это неопределенная форма глагола, которая отвечает на вопросы «Что делать? Что сделать?». В предложении употребляется с частицей to или без неё (когда без, то это «голый инфинитив»)

Герундий – это особая форма глагола, которая выглядит как инфинитив с окончанием -ing, но имеет качества существительного (поэтому может отвечать на вопрос «Что?»).

Есть целые списки глаголов, после которых нужно употреблять либо только инфинитив, либо только герундий. Такие конструкции с глаголами нужно запоминать.

1) I demand to know the truth.

2) He appears to be happy.

3) I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet.

4) Jack dislikes being spoken to like that.

5) Nothing can excuse lying to your parents.

6) They denied telling his mother about the fight.

7) She consented to marry Jonathan.

8) The boy admitted breaking the window.

9) One could hardly avoid noticing him.

Answer 2

1) I demand to know the truth. In this sentence, "know" is used as an infinitive verb. The subject, "I", demands the action of knowing the truth.

2) He appears to be happy. In this sentence, "be" is used as an infinitive verb. The subject, "he", appears to have the state of being happy.

3) I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet. In this sentence, "speak" is used as an infinitive verb. The subject, "I", attempted the action of speaking but was instructed to be quiet.

4) Jack dislikes being spoken to like that. In this sentence, "be spoken to" is used as a gerund verb. The subject, "Jack", dislikes the action of being spoken to in a certain manner.

5) Nothing can excuse lying to your parents. In this sentence, "lying" is used as a gerund verb. The subject, "nothing", cannot justify the action of lying to one's parents.

6) They denied telling his mother about the fight. In this sentence, "telling" is used as a gerund verb. The subject, "they", denied the action of telling his mother about the fight.

7) She consented to marry Jonathan. In this sentence, "marry" is used as an infinitive verb. The subject, "She", consented to the action of marrying Jonathan.

8) The boy admitted to breaking the window. In this sentence, "breaking" is used as a gerund verb. The subject, "the boy", admitted the action of breaking the window.

9) One could hardly avoid noticing him. In this sentence, "noticing" is used as a gerund verb. The subject, "One", could not easily prevent the action of noticing him.