Question

Помогите пожалуйста!! ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРОСЫ Text 1. COMPUTER PROGRAMMING1.Programming is the process of preparing a set of coded instructionswhich enables the computer to solve specific problems or to perform specificfunctions. The essence of computer programming is the encoding of the programfor the computer by means of algorithms. The thing is that any problemis expressed in mathematical terms, it contains formulae, equations, andcalculations. But the computer cannot manipulate formulae, equations, andcalculations. Any problem must be specially processed for the computer tounderstand it, that is — coded or programmed.2.The phase in which the system’s computer programs are written is calledthe development phase. The programs are lists of instructions that will be followedby the control unit of the central processing unit (CPU). The instructionsof the program must be complete and in the appropriate sequence, orelse the wrong answers will result. Tо guard against these errors in logic and todocument the program’s logical approach, logic plans should be developed.3.There are two common techniques for planning the logic of a program.The first technique is flowcharting. A flowchart is a plan in the formof a graphic or pictorial representation that uses predefined symbols to illustratethe program logic. It is, therefore, a “picture” of the logical stepsto be performed by the computer. Each of the predefined symbol shapesstands for a general operation. The symbol shape communicates the natureof the general operation, and the specifics are written within the symbol.A plastic or metal guide called a template is used to make drawing thesymbols easier.4.The second technique for planning program logic is called pseudocode.Pseudocode is an imitation of actual program instructions. It allowsa program-like structure without the burden of programming rules to follow.Pseudocode is less time-consuming for the professional programmerthan is flowcharting. It also emphasizes a top-down approach to programstructure.Pseudocode has three basic structures: sequence, decision, and loopinglogic. With these three structures, any required logic can be expressed.2).Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста.1. What is programming? 2. What is the essence of programming? 3. Whatshould be done with the problem before processing by the computer? 4. Whatis a program? 5. What are instructions? 6. What are the main techniques forplanning the program logic? 7. What is a flowchart? 8. What is a template andwhat is it used for? 9. What do you understand by “pseudocode”? 10. Whatare the basic structures of pseudocode?

Answer 1

Ответ:

1.Programming is the process of preparing a set of coded instructions

which enables the computer to solve specific problems or to perform specific

functions 2. The essence of computer programming is the encoding of the program

for the computer by means of algorithms. The thing is that any problem

is expressed in mathematical terms, it contains formulae, equations, and

calculations. 3.  But the computer cannot manipulate formulae, equations, and

calculations. Any problem must be specially processed for the computer to

understand it, that is — coded or programmed. 4. The programs are lists of instructions that will be followed

by the control unit of the central processing unit 5. The instructions

of the program must be complete and in the appropriate sequence, or

else the wrong answers will result. Tо guard against these errors in logic and to

document the program’s logical approach, logic plans should be developed.

6.There are two common techniques for planning the logic of a program.

The first technique is flowcharting. A flowchart is a plan in the form

of a graphic or pictorial representation that uses predefined symbols to illustrate

the program logic. It is, therefore, a “picture” of the logical steps

to be performed by the computer. Each of the predefined symbol shapes

stands for a general operation. The symbol shape communicates the nature

of the general operation, and the specifics are written within the symbol.

A plastic or metal guide called a template is used to make drawing the

symbols easier.

Объяснение:

Answer 2

1. Programming is the process of preparing a set of coded instructions that enable the computer to solve specific problems or perform specific functions.
2. The essence of programming is the encoding of the program for the computer using algorithms. It involves translating a problem expressed in mathematical terms into a form that the computer can understand.
3. Before processing by the computer, the problem needs to be specially processed or coded. It must be translated into a form that the computer can understand and execute.
4. A program is a list of instructions that will be followed by the control unit of the central processing unit (CPU). It provides a set of coded instructions for the computer to follow in order to solve a problem or perform a specific task.
5. Instructions in programming are the individual steps or commands that make up a program. They specify the operations to be performed by the computer to achieve a desired outcome.
6. The main techniques for planning program logic are flowcharting and pseudocode.
7. A flowchart is a plan or representation of the program logic in the form of a graphic or pictorial diagram. It uses predefined symbols to illustrate the sequence of operations or steps to be performed by the computer.
8. A template is a plastic or metal guide used in flowcharting to make drawing the symbols easier. It helps in creating consistent and clear flowchart diagrams.
9. Pseudocode is an imitation of actual program instructions. It allows programmers to create a program-like structure without strict adherence to programming rules. It provides a more readable and less time-consuming way of planning program logic.
10. Pseudocode has three basic structures: sequence, decision, and looping logic. These structures allow programmers to express any required logic in a program. Sequence refers to executing instructions in a sequential order, decision involves making choices or branching based on conditions, and looping logic enables repeating a set of instructions multiple times.