Question

Отрар история на английском не большая

Answer 1

In Otrar (as parabolic) was one of the mints of the Karakhanid dynasty.[1]. In the beginning of XIII century the city Otrar became part of the Khorezm state. It is likely that the city was the center of Farab, copper dirhams of Khorezm Shah Ala ad-DIN Muhammad, made in Otrar in 1210-11 G. stands as parabolic," and in his coinage 1216-1218, "Otrar, in front of which is placed the word Balad ("the city" and "country, state").[2]

In the two hundred thousandth Otrar growing up in the place where the river Arys merged with the Syr Darya, settled scientists, sages, skilled musicians, fortune-tellers, jewelers. The city had a large madrasah, Bazaar, workshop-smithy, GURT Khan (the place where I drank wine), bath, mosque, shops, shops.[3] During the Mongol invasion the town rules of the Cairo-Khan, uncle of the Shah of Khorezm, in the maternal line.

According to historical records, after it had been executed the ambassadors of Genghis Khan in 1219, the city was besieged by the Mongol armies under the leadership of the eldest son of the conqueror, Jochi. The siege lasted 6 months. In the city famine and discontent by refusing to negotiate with the Mongols, one night one of the residents opened the gates to the Mongols. Seized after that, the city, the Mongols destroyed a significant part of the population, the rest were taken into slavery, the city was burned and destroyed. Traitor named Karaj, opened the city gates, executed personally Jochi.

In the XV century the city was rebuilt. In January 1405 at Otrar in the beginning of his campaign to China Tamerlan died. Otrar is the birthplace of many scientists, emerged from its great medieval mathematician and philosopher al-Farabi, astronomer and mathematician Abbas Jauhari[4] (together with al-Khwarizmi participated in the compilation of astronomical tables), linguist and geographer Ishaq al-Farabi[4]. In Otrar lived and preached a famous Sufi Arystan-Bab, near the Fort is the mausoleum of Arystan-Baba (Arslan-Bab).

как-то так :3

Answer 2

Отрар (Otrar), also known as Farab, was an ancient city located in present-day Kazakhstan. It holds significant historical and cultural importance in the region. Here is a brief history of Otrar:

Otrar was founded around the 1st century AD and served as a major center of trade along the Silk Road. It was strategically located at a crossroads, connecting various trade routes between Asia and Europe. The city flourished under the influence of different empires and civilizations that controlled the Silk Road.

During the 9th and 10th centuries, Otrar was part of the Samanid Empire, which was known for its support of art, science, and literature. The city became a center of learning and attracted scholars and intellectuals from different parts of the Muslim world.

In the 13th century, the Mongol Empire, under the leadership of Genghis Khan and later his grandson, Hulagu Khan, began its conquest of Central Asia. Otrar was one of the cities targeted by the Mongols during their invasion. The Mongols besieged the city and, after a prolonged resistance, eventually captured it in 1219.

The fall of Otrar to the Mongols marked a significant turning point in the history of the region. The Mongol conquest led to the destruction of many cities and the decline of the Silk Road trade routes. Otrar, once a bustling center of commerce, was left in ruins.

Over the centuries, the city gradually faded from prominence, and its exact location became lost in history. However, in the 20th century, archaeological expeditions rediscovered the site of Otrar. Excavations revealed the remnants of ancient buildings, streets, and artifacts, shedding light on its rich history.

Today, Otrar is an archaeological site of great historical value. It attracts researchers, historians, and tourists interested in exploring the ancient Silk Road and the civilizations that once thrived in the region. The site serves as a reminder of the city's past glory and its enduring legacy in the history of Kazakhstan and Central Asia.