Question

Для передачи информации люди использовали разнообразные идеи.Некоторые из их связаны с приведёнными ниже примерами.Кратко опишите эти идеи. БАРАБАН КОСТЁР ГОНЕЦ ПОЧТОВЫЙ ГОЛУБЬ ПИСЬМА РАДИО ТЕЛЕФОН ТЕЛЕВИЗОР СПУТНИКОВАЯ СИСТЕМА ИНТЕРНЕТ ПОООООООООМММММООГИИИИИТЕЕЕЕЕЕЕЕ

Answer 1

Звук барабана способен донести сигнал тревоги или иной сигнал на несколько километров. Для передачи сигналов тревоги различные народы использовали дым костра. Для передачи посланий на дальние расстояния использовали гонцов. Часто для передачи информации стала использоваться голубиная почта.  В 40-е годы 19 века стал использоваться телеграф. На смену гонцам пришла почтовая служба. В 1895 году русский изобретатель А.С. Попов открыл радиосвязь, сделавшую возможной передачу радиосигналов на расстояние без проводов (на рисунке изображен радиоприемник). В 1876 году в Америке был изобретен телефон, позволивший для общения использовать человеческую речь. В конце 30-х годов XX века был изобретен способ передачи с помощью волн кодированного изображения; появилось телевидение. Спутниковая связь охватывает сегодня всю планету. В 1969 году в США начала функционировать первая компьютерная сеть, положившая начало формированию компьютерной сети Интернет.

Answer 2

Ideas for Information Transmission

Throughout history, people have come up with various ideas for transmitting information. Some of these ideas are associated with the examples you provided. Let's briefly describe these ideas:

1. Drum: The drum is one of the earliest forms of long-distance communication. It involves using a hollow instrument to produce rhythmic sounds that can be heard over long distances. Different patterns of drumming can convey specific messages or signals. This method was commonly used by indigenous tribes and military groups to communicate across large distances.

2. Bonfire: The bonfire, or "kostyor" in Russian, is another ancient method of transmitting information. By lighting a large fire, people could send signals across long distances, especially at night. The size, color, and pattern of the flames could convey different messages or warnings.

3. Messenger: The use of messengers involves physically carrying information from one place to another. Messengers, often on horseback, would travel long distances to deliver important messages or documents. This method was commonly used in ancient civilizations, such as the Persian Empire, where a network of messengers called the "Royal Road" was established.

4. Postal System: The development of postal systems revolutionized information transmission. It involved the establishment of organized mail services, where letters and packages could be sent from one location to another. The postal system allowed for more efficient and widespread communication, enabling people to exchange information over long distances.

5. Carrier Pigeon: Carrier pigeons were trained to carry messages between different locations. They were used as a means of communication in ancient civilizations, during wars, and even in modern times. Pigeons have a remarkable ability to navigate and return to their home, making them reliable messengers.

6. Radio: The invention of radio technology enabled wireless communication over long distances. Radio waves are used to transmit information, such as voice, music, and data, through the air. This innovation revolutionized communication, allowing for real-time broadcasting, two-way communication, and the dissemination of news and entertainment.

7. Telephone: The telephone is a device that allows for voice communication over long distances. It converts sound waves into electrical signals that can be transmitted through wires or wirelessly. The invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in the late 19th century revolutionized communication, making it possible to have instant conversations with people far away.

8. Television: Television is a medium that combines audio and visual elements to transmit information and entertainment. It uses electromagnetic waves to broadcast images and sound to receivers in people's homes. Television has become a primary source of news, entertainment, and cultural exchange, providing a visual medium for information transmission.

9. Satellite System: Satellite systems involve the use of artificial satellites in space to transmit information over long distances. Satellites orbiting the Earth can receive and transmit signals, enabling global communication. Satellite systems are used for various purposes, including television broadcasting, internet connectivity, and global positioning.

10. Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected computers that allows for the transmission of information in various forms, such as text, images, videos, and more. It enables instant communication, access to vast amounts of information, and the ability to connect with people from around the world. The internet has revolutionized information transmission, making it faster, more accessible, and more interactive than ever before.

These are just a few examples of the ideas and technologies that have been developed for information transmission throughout history. Each of these innovations has played a significant role in shaping the way we communicate and exchange information today.