Question

гия 5 баллов Искусственный иммунитет формируют путём введения сыворотки или вакцины. В чём разница между ними?

Answer 1

Difference between Serum and Vaccine in Artificial Immunity

Artificial immunity can be achieved by introducing serum or vaccines into the body. While both methods aim to provide protection against specific diseases, there are differences between them.

Serum is a component of blood that contains antibodies. It is obtained from the blood of individuals who have recovered from a specific disease or have been immunized against it. When serum is injected into a person's body, the antibodies present in the serum provide immediate protection against the disease. This type of immunity is called passive immunity because the person does not produce their own antibodies. The protection provided by serum is temporary and lasts only as long as the antibodies remain in the body.

Vaccines, on the other hand, are substances that stimulate the immune system to produce its own antibodies against a specific disease. Vaccines contain either weakened or inactivated forms of the disease-causing agent, or they may contain specific parts of the agent, such as proteins or sugars. When a vaccine is administered, it triggers an immune response in the body, leading to the production of antibodies. This type of immunity is called active immunity because the person's immune system actively produces antibodies. The protection provided by vaccines is long-lasting and can often be lifelong.

In summary, the main difference between serum and vaccines in artificial immunity is that serum provides immediate but temporary protection through the introduction of pre-formed antibodies, while vaccines stimulate the body's immune system to produce its own antibodies, providing long-lasting protection.