Question

Какие структуры встречаются во всех клетках прокариот

Answer 1

Клеточная стенка
Капсула
Жгутики
Ворсинки
+ отсутствие обособленного ядра

Answer 2

Structures Found in Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cells are characterized by their lack of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Despite their simplicity, prokaryotic cells contain several structures that are essential for their survival and function. Here are some of the key structures found in prokaryotic cells:

1. Cell Membrane: The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the prokaryotic cell. It separates the cell's internal environment from the external environment and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

2. Cell Wall: Many prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, which provides structural support and protection. The composition of the cell wall varies among different types of prokaryotes. For example, bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while archaea have a cell wall made of different materials.

3. Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance that fills the interior of the prokaryotic cell. It contains various molecules, such as enzymes and nutrients, that are necessary for cellular processes.

4. Ribosomes: Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells. They are composed of RNA and protein and can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the cell membrane.

5. Nucleoid: The nucleoid is the region within the prokaryotic cell where the genetic material is located. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Instead, their DNA is organized into a single, circular chromosome that is found in the nucleoid region.

6. Plasmids: Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can be found in some prokaryotic cells. They contain genes that provide the cell with additional functions, such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to produce certain enzymes.

7. Flagella: Some prokaryotic cells have flagella, which are long, whip-like appendages that allow the cell to move. Flagella rotate like propellers, propelling the cell through its environment.

8. Pili: Pili are short, hair-like structures that protrude from the surface of some prokaryotic cells. They have various functions, such as facilitating the attachment of the cell to surfaces or other cells.

These are just a few examples of the structures found in prokaryotic cells. The specific structures present in a prokaryotic cell can vary depending on the type of organism and its environmental conditions.