Question

Какое значение имеют почки в жизни млекопитающих? заранее спасибо :^)​

Answer 1

Ответ:

сновной функцией почек является выведение из организма воды и водорастворимых веществ (конечных продуктов обмена веществ)

Єкскреторная функция тесно связана с функцией регуляции ионного и кислотно-основного равновесия внутренней среды организма (гомеостатическая функция).

Кроме того, почки выполняют эндокринную функцию, принимая непосредственное участие в синтезе многих гормонов).

почки участвуют в процессах промежуточного метаболизма  особенно в глюконеогенезе и расщеплении пептидов и аминокислот

Объяснение:

Answer 2

The Importance of Kidneys in the Life of Mammals

The kidneys play a crucial role in the life of mammals, including humans. They are vital organs responsible for maintaining the body's internal environment by regulating the balance of water, electrolytes, and other substances. Here are some key functions and significance of kidneys in the life of mammals:

1. Filtration and Waste Removal: The primary function of the kidneys is to filter waste products and excess substances from the blood. They remove metabolic waste, such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine, as well as excess water, electrolytes, and other solutes. This filtration process helps maintain the body's fluid balance and prevents the buildup of harmful substances in the bloodstream.

2. Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. They adjust the concentration of ions, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate, in the blood to ensure proper cellular function. The kidneys also regulate the body's acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions.

3. Blood Pressure Regulation: The kidneys contribute to the regulation of blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. When blood pressure drops, the kidneys release an enzyme called renin, which triggers a series of reactions leading to the production of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels and stimulates the release of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium and water reabsorption. These actions help increase blood volume and raise blood pressure.

4. Red Blood Cell Production: The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to tissues throughout the body. Erythropoietin production by the kidneys is essential for maintaining adequate oxygen supply and preventing anemia.

5. Vitamin D Activation: The kidneys play a role in the activation of vitamin D, a hormone necessary for calcium absorption in the intestines. When the kidneys filter blood, they convert inactive vitamin D into its active form, which helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the body. This process is crucial for maintaining healthy bones and teeth.

In summary, the kidneys are vital organs that perform several essential functions in the life of mammals. They filter waste products, regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, control blood pressure, produce red blood cells, and activate vitamin D. The proper functioning of the kidneys is crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being.