Question

Какой отдел головного мозга контролирует целый ряд жизненно важных функций пищеварения дыхания деятельности внешней сосудистой системы и так далее

Answer 1

Продолговатый мозг отвечает за все выше перечисленные функции

Answer 2

The Brain Region that Controls Vital Functions

The brain region that controls a wide range of vital functions such as digestion, respiration, and the activity of the external vascular system is the brainstem. The brainstem is located at the base of the brain and connects the brain to the spinal cord. It is responsible for regulating many automatic and involuntary processes that are essential for survival.

The brainstem consists of three main parts: the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain. Each of these regions plays a crucial role in controlling different functions.

1. Medulla Oblongata: The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brainstem and is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. It regulates the muscles involved in swallowing, vomiting, and coughing. The medulla also contains centers that control the constriction and dilation of blood vessels, which helps regulate blood flow throughout the body.

2. Pons: The pons is located above the medulla oblongata and acts as a bridge between different parts of the brain. It plays a role in regulating breathing, sleep, and arousal. The pons also contains nuclei that control eye movement and facial expressions.

3. Midbrain: The midbrain is the uppermost part of the brainstem and is involved in various functions, including visual and auditory processing, motor control, and the regulation of sleep and wakefulness.

These three regions of the brainstem work together to ensure the proper functioning of vital processes in the body. They receive and process sensory information from the body and send signals to different parts of the body to initiate appropriate responses.