Question

органы дыхания и их функции! Помогите пожалуйста

Answer 1

К органам дыхания относятся: носовая полость, глотка. гортань, трахея, бронхи и легкие.

Answer 2

Organs of Respiration and Their Functions

The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. It consists of several organs that work together to facilitate this process. Here are the main organs of respiration and their functions:

1. Nose and Nasal Cavity: The nose and nasal cavity are the primary entry points for air into the respiratory system. They warm, humidify, and filter the air before it reaches the lungs. The nasal cavity is lined with tiny hairs called cilia and mucus-producing cells that trap dust, bacteria, and other particles, preventing them from entering the lungs.

2. Pharynx: The pharynx, also known as the throat, is a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx. It serves as a passage for both air and food.

3. Larynx: The larynx, commonly known as the voice box, is located at the top of the trachea. It contains the vocal cords, which vibrate to produce sound when air passes through them. The larynx also acts as a protective mechanism, closing off the airway during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the lungs.

4. Trachea: The trachea, or windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It is reinforced with cartilage rings to keep it open and prevent collapse. The trachea branches into two bronchi, one leading to each lung.

5. Bronchi: The bronchi are the main airways that lead into the lungs. They further divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles, which eventually end in tiny air sacs called alveoli.

6. Lungs: The lungs are the main organs of respiration. They are located in the chest cavity and are protected by the rib cage. The lungs are made up of millions of alveoli, which are surrounded by capillaries. Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the capillaries and is carried to the body's cells, while carbon dioxide, a waste product, diffuses from the cells into the capillaries and is exhaled.

7. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the chest cavity. It plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and relaxing. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity and allowing the lungs to expand. This results in inhalation. When the diaphragm relaxes, it moves upward, reducing the space in the chest cavity and causing exhalation.

These organs work together to ensure the proper exchange of gases and maintain the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. Each organ has a specific function that contributes to the overall respiratory process.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.