Question

Правая цепь фрагмента ДНК имеет такую структуру: ТАТТЦТТТТТГТГГАЦГ… Укажите структуру соответствующей части молекулы белка, синтезируемого при участии левой цепи ДНК. А как изменится структура фрагмента синтезируемого белка, если в правой цепи ДНК под воздействием химических факторов выпадает 11-й нуклеотид?

Answer 1

  ДНК     ТАТТЦТТТТТГТГГАЦГ
             АТААГАААААЦАЦЦТГЦ
РНК       УАУ УЦУ УУУ УГУ ГГА ЦГ
БЕЛОК  Тир -Сер - Фен- Цис - стоп сигнал (завершение синтеза белка   
 если выпал 11 нуклеотид, то
 ДНК     ТАТТЦТТТТТТГГАЦГ
             АТААГААААААЦЦТГЦ
РНК       УАУ УЦУ УУУ УУГ ГАЦ Г
БЕЛОК  Тир -Сер - Фен- Лей - Асп ...

Answer 2

Structure of the DNA Fragment:

The given right DNA strand has the following structure: TATTCTTTTTTGTGGACTG.... To determine the structure of the corresponding part of the protein synthesized with the involvement of the left DNA strand, we need to perform a process called transcription.

During transcription, the DNA sequence is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. In RNA, the nucleotide thymine (T) is replaced by uracil (U). Therefore, the complementary RNA sequence to the given right DNA strand would be: AUAAUGAAAAACACCUGAC....

Impact of Chemical Factors on Protein Structure:

If the 11th nucleotide in the right DNA strand is lost due to the influence of chemical factors, it will result in a deletion mutation. This means that during transcription, the corresponding nucleotide in the RNA sequence will also be missing. As a result, the structure of the synthesized protein will be altered.

The deletion of a single nucleotide can have significant consequences on the protein's structure and function. It can lead to a frameshift mutation, where the reading frame of the genetic code is shifted, causing a change in the amino acid sequence. This alteration can disrupt the protein's folding, stability, and ultimately its function.

Please note that without additional information about the specific nucleotide and the corresponding amino acid, it is not possible to provide a detailed analysis of the impact on the protein's structure and function in this particular case.