Question

Как уберечь себя от стригущего лишая и чесотки? Чем вызываются эти болезни и как они распространяются? Почему в обоих случаях необходимо обратиться к врачу?

Answer 1

Стригущий лишай вызывается разнообразными грибками, преимущественно из родов Ephidermophiton, Microsporum, Thrichophython. Причиной чесотки является паразит, под названием чесоточный клещ. Процесс распространение данных заболеваний подразумевает передачу от уже больного человека здоровому в ходе близкого физического контакта, либо через общие предметы обихода, одежду, постельное белье и т.д.

Уберечься от данных заболеваний можно посредством регулярной обработки собственной одежды порошками, проще говоря - её стирки, внимательным соблюдением правил личной гигиены, избеганием контактов с нечистоплотными личностями, а также людьми с уже установленными диагнозами, чётком разделении предметов обихода, одежды и белья между всеми членами семьи, а также постоянным тщательным наблюдением за состоянием собственных кожных покровов.

В обоих случаях необходимо обратиться к врачу, поскольку данные болезни являются довольно таки заразными и способны с довольно существенной скоростью передаваться от одного человека к другому, достаточно плохо поддаются неспецифической терапии, и могут приводить к развитию более серьезных патологических состояний, например, сепсиса, если очень долго их не лечить должным образом.

Answer 2

How to protect yourself from scabies and lice?

To protect yourself from scabies and lice, it is important to practice good hygiene and take preventive measures. Here are some steps you can take:

1. Maintain good personal hygiene: Regularly wash your body with soap and water, paying attention to areas such as the armpits, groin, and feet. Cleanse your hair regularly as well.

2. Avoid close contact with infected individuals: Scabies and lice are highly contagious, so it is important to avoid close physical contact with individuals who are known to have these conditions.

3. Avoid sharing personal items: Do not share personal items such as clothing, towels, bedding, or hairbrushes with others, as this can contribute to the spread of scabies and lice.

4. Wash and dry infested items: If you suspect that your clothing, bedding, or other items may be infested, wash them in hot water and dry them on high heat to kill any lice or mites.

5. Vacuum and clean your living environment: Regularly vacuum and clean your living environment, paying attention to areas where lice or mites may hide, such as upholstered furniture, rugs, and bedding.

6. Avoid trying on used clothing: When shopping for clothing, avoid trying on used or second-hand items, as they may be infested with lice or mites.

7. Educate yourself: Learn about the signs and symptoms of scabies and lice so that you can identify them early and seek treatment if necessary.

It is important to note that these preventive measures may reduce the risk of contracting scabies and lice, but they are not foolproof. If you suspect that you have been exposed to scabies or lice or if you develop symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical advice from a healthcare professional.

What causes scabies and lice, and how do they spread?

Scabies and lice are caused by different organisms and have different modes of transmission:

1. Scabies: Scabies is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. The mites burrow into the skin and lay eggs, leading to intense itching and a characteristic rash. Scabies is primarily spread through prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. It can also spread through sharing infested items such as clothing, bedding, or towels.

2. Lice: There are three types of lice that infest humans: head lice, body lice, and pubic lice. Lice are small insects that live on the scalp, body, or pubic hair, respectively. They feed on human blood and lay eggs, causing itching and irritation. Lice are primarily spread through direct contact with an infested person or through sharing personal items such as combs, brushes, hats, or clothing.

Why is it necessary to see a doctor in both cases?

It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have scabies or lice for several reasons:

1. Accurate diagnosis: A healthcare professional can accurately diagnose scabies or lice based on your symptoms, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests. This ensures that you receive the appropriate treatment.

2. Prescription medications: Both scabies and lice usually require prescription medications to effectively eliminate the infestation. Over-the-counter treatments may not be as effective. A doctor can prescribe the appropriate medications and provide instructions on how to use them correctly.

3. Preventing the spread: Prompt treatment is essential to prevent the spread of scabies or lice to others. A doctor can provide guidance on how to prevent the infestation from spreading to family members, close contacts, or other individuals.

4. Identifying underlying conditions: In some cases, scabies or lice infestations may be a sign of underlying health conditions or poor living conditions. A doctor can evaluate your overall health and address any underlying issues that may contribute to the infestation.

Remember, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan if you suspect you have scabies or lice.