Question

Чим відрізняється яйцеклітина від сперматозоіда?

Answer 1

Размером, яйцеклетка самая большая клетка в организме женщины, а сперматозоид самая маленькая в орг. мужчины. За одно семяизвержение вырабатывается в тысячи раз больше сперматозоидов, чем яйцеклеток у женщин за всю жизнь1 )яйцеклетка намного больше
2 )сперматозоид способен двигаться, имеет жгутик
3 )при созревании сперматозоидов после мейоза, в отличие от яйцеклетки, происходит уменьшение размеров клетки
4) ну и сперматозоид- у мужчин, яйцеклетка - у женщин
5)при сперматогенезе образуется 4 зрелые клетки, а при овогенезе всего одна, т. к. остальные всасываются и используются как питательные вещества

Answer 2

Difference between an Egg Cell and a Sperm Cell

The egg cell, also known as the ovum or oocyte, and the sperm cell, also known as the spermatozoon or sperm, are two types of reproductive cells involved in sexual reproduction. While both cells play a crucial role in the process of fertilization, they have several key differences.

1. Structure: - The egg cell is the largest cell in the human body and is visible to the naked eye. It is a non-motile cell with a spherical shape. - The sperm cell, on the other hand, is much smaller and has a distinct shape. It is a motile cell with a head, midpiece, and tail. The head contains the genetic material (DNA) and is covered by a cap-like structure called the acrosome, which helps the sperm penetrate the egg during fertilization.

2. Production: - Egg cells are produced in the ovaries of females through a process called oogenesis. A female is born with all the egg cells she will ever have, and they mature and are released periodically during the menstrual cycle. - Sperm cells are produced in the testes of males through a process called spermatogenesis. Males continuously produce sperm throughout their reproductive years.

3. Number: - Females are born with a finite number of egg cells, estimated to be around one to two million at birth. However, only a few hundred of these egg cells will mature and be released during a woman's reproductive years. - Males, on the other hand, produce millions of sperm cells daily. The number of sperm cells produced is significantly higher than the number of egg cells.

4. Lifespan: - Egg cells have a relatively short lifespan. Once released from the ovary, an egg cell can survive for about 12-24 hours. If fertilization does not occur within this time frame, the egg cell disintegrates. - Sperm cells, on the other hand, have a longer lifespan. They can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to 5 days, increasing the chances of fertilization if intercourse occurs before ovulation.

5. Role in Fertilization: - The egg cell is the larger, immobile cell that provides the nutrients and genetic material necessary for the development of a new organism. It is fertilized by a sperm cell during sexual intercourse, leading to the formation of a zygote. - The sperm cell is the smaller, motile cell that delivers the genetic material to the egg cell. It uses its tail to swim through the female reproductive tract and reach the egg for fertilization.

In summary, the main differences between an egg cell and a sperm cell lie in their structure, production, number, lifespan, and role in fertilization. The egg cell is larger, non-motile, and has a limited lifespan, while the sperm cell is smaller, motile, and has a longer lifespan. Both cells are essential for sexual reproduction and the creation of new life.