Question

Расскажите о движении крови по лимфе

Answer 1

Лимфа (от латинского -чистая вода, влага) вытекающая из мелких лимфатических сосудов, поступает в два протока: правый и левый. Левый грудной проток собирает лимфу из сосудов нижних конечностей, брюшной полости, левой половины грудной клетки и левой половины головы и шеи.
Правый поток собирает лимфу из всего оставшегося тела.
Потом оба протока впадают в крупные вены, где лимфа вливается в венозную кровь и попадает в правое сердце.

Answer 2

Кровь движется только по сосудам )

Answer 3

The Movement of Blood through the Lymphatic System

The lymphatic system is a network of vessels, organs, and tissues that work together to transport lymph, a clear fluid, throughout the body. The movement of blood through the lymphatic system is an essential process for maintaining fluid balance, immune function, and waste removal.

1. Lymphatic Vessels: The lymphatic vessels are a network of thin-walled tubes that parallel the blood vessels. These vessels collect excess fluid, waste products, and pathogens from the body tissues and transport them back to the bloodstream. The lymphatic vessels have one-way valves that prevent the backward flow of lymph.

2. Lymph Nodes: Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped organs located along the lymphatic vessels. They act as filters, trapping and destroying bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances present in the lymph. Lymph nodes also produce immune cells that help fight infections.

3. Lymphatic Capillaries: Lymphatic capillaries are tiny, thin-walled vessels that collect excess fluid, proteins, and other substances from the body tissues. These capillaries have specialized endothelial cells that allow the entry of interstitial fluid, forming lymph.

4. Lymphatic Fluid (Lymph): Lymph is a clear fluid that resembles plasma, the fluid component of blood. It contains white blood cells, proteins, fats, and cellular debris. Lymph is formed when interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries.

5. Lymphatic Pump: Unlike the circulatory system, which has the heart as a pump, the lymphatic system relies on various mechanisms to propel lymph through the vessels. These mechanisms include:

- Muscle Contraction: The contraction of skeletal muscles surrounding the lymphatic vessels helps squeeze the vessels, pushing lymph forward. - Respiratory Movements: Breathing movements, especially deep inhalation, create pressure changes in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, aiding in lymphatic flow. - Smooth Muscle Contraction: The smooth muscle in the walls of larger lymphatic vessels contracts rhythmically, propelling lymph forward. - Valves: One-way valves in the lymphatic vessels prevent the backward flow of lymph, ensuring its unidirectional movement.

6. Lymphatic Ducts: The lymphatic system has two main ducts: the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct. The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right upper body, including the right arm, right side of the head, and right side of the chest. The thoracic duct collects lymph from the rest of the body and drains into the left subclavian vein, where it re-enters the bloodstream.

7. Return to the Bloodstream: The lymphatic vessels eventually merge into larger lymphatic ducts, which empty into the subclavian veins. At this point, the lymph rejoins the bloodstream, and its contents are carried back to the heart.

In summary, the movement of blood through the lymphatic system involves the collection of excess fluid and waste products from the body tissues by lymphatic capillaries. This fluid, called lymph, is then transported through lymphatic vessels, filtered by lymph nodes, and ultimately returned to the bloodstream through the lymphatic ducts.

Please note that the information provided above is based on general knowledge about the lymphatic system. For specific medical advice or information, it is always best to consult a healthcare professional.