Question

Сравните по различным признакам крахмал ,целлюлозу и гликоген .Вчём проявляются их сходства?и в чём различия

Answer 1

Они все углеводы
крахмал содержится в растениях
оболочка растении состоит из целлюлозы
гликоген является запасным веществом животных

Answer 2

Comparing Starch, Cellulose, and Glycogen

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are all complex carbohydrates, but they have distinct characteristics that set them apart. Let's compare them based on various attributes.

Chemical Structure: - Starch: Starch is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units linked together by glycosidic bonds. It consists of two types of molecules: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a linear molecule, while amylopectin is branched. - Cellulose: Cellulose is also a polysaccharide made up of glucose units, but its structure is different from starch. It forms long, straight chains due to the beta linkages between the glucose molecules. - Glycogen: Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is structurally similar to amylopectin but more extensively branched.

Function: - Starch: Starch serves as a storage form of energy in plants. It is the primary energy source in the human diet, providing glucose for the body's energy needs. - Cellulose: Cellulose is a major component of the cell walls in plants, providing structural support. It is not digestible by humans but serves as dietary fiber. - Glycogen: Glycogen is the main storage form of glucose in animals and fungi. It is stored in the liver and muscles and acts as a readily available source of energy.

Digestibility: - Starch: Starch is easily digestible by humans due to the presence of enzymes like amylase that can break down its glucose chains. - Cellulose: Cellulose is not digestible by humans because they lack the enzyme cellulase required to break the beta linkages in cellulose. - Glycogen: Glycogen is readily broken down into glucose when energy is needed, as it is the body's primary short-term energy storage molecule.

Similarities: - Storage Function: Both starch and glycogen serve as storage forms of glucose in plants and animals, respectively. - Polysaccharides: All three substances are polysaccharides, meaning they are composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together.

Differences: - Structural Composition: Starch and glycogen have similar structures with branching, while cellulose has a linear structure. - Function in Organisms: Starch and glycogen serve as energy storage molecules, while cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls. - Digestibility: Starch and glycogen are digestible, whereas cellulose is not digestible by humans.

In summary, while starch, cellulose, and glycogen are all complex carbohydrates, they differ in their chemical structure, function, and digestibility. Starch and glycogen serve as energy storage molecules, while cellulose provides structural support in plants. Additionally, starch and glycogen are digestible, whereas cellulose is not.