Question

в чем различие макро и микроэволюция?

Answer 1

Ну в результате микроэволюции происходят изменения и образуется новый вид животных, растений и т д. То есть "микро". Эта приставка указывает на то,что это что-то маленькое и незначительное. 
 а в результате макроэколюции пояляются новые классы, роды  и т д.  Это уже более значимо для планеты 

Answer 2

Difference between Macroevolution and Microevolution

Macroevolution and microevolution are two concepts that describe different scales of evolutionary change. While both involve changes in the genetic makeup of populations over time, they differ in terms of the scope and magnitude of these changes.

Microevolution refers to small-scale changes that occur within a population or species over relatively short periods of time. It involves changes in the frequency of genetic variations or alleles within a population, which can be influenced by factors such as mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. Microevolutionary processes can lead to changes in traits within a population, such as changes in coloration, size, or behavior. These changes are typically observed within a few generations and do not result in the formation of new species.

For example, consider a population of birds with different beak sizes. If the environment changes and certain food sources become more abundant, birds with larger beaks may have a selective advantage in obtaining food. Over time, the frequency of the allele for larger beaks may increase in the population, leading to a change in the average beak size. This is an example of microevolution.

Macroevolution, on the other hand, refers to large-scale changes that occur over longer periods of time and can result in the formation of new species. It involves the accumulation of microevolutionary changes over many generations, leading to the divergence of populations and the emergence of new species. Macroevolutionary processes can include speciation, extinction, adaptive radiation, and the evolution of complex traits.

For example, consider a population of mammals that becomes geographically isolated due to the formation of a mountain range. Over time, the isolated populations may accumulate different genetic variations through microevolutionary processes. If these populations become reproductively isolated and can no longer interbreed, they may eventually evolve into separate species. This is an example of macroevolution.

In summary, microevolution refers to small-scale changes within a population or species, while macroevolution refers to large-scale changes that can result in the formation of new species. Microevolutionary processes contribute to macroevolutionary patterns over long periods of time.

[[1]](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)