Question

1. Функция извитых почечных канальцев -1)избирательное всасывание веществ2)фильтрация крови3)накопление мочи4)выведение мочи наружу2. Уменьшение количества бактерий приведёт к1)к нарушению всасывания углеводов2)нарушению расщепления белков3)нарушению переваривания клетчатки4)к частичному обезвоживанию организма

Answer 1

1. 2)фильтрация крови

2. 3)нарушению переваривания клетчатки

Answer 2

1-2

2-3, т.к. этим частично занимаются и бактерии.

Answer 3

Function of the Distal Convoluted Tubules:

The distal convoluted tubules (DCT) are a part of the nephrons in the kidneys and play several important roles in the process of urine formation. Let's go through each option to understand the functions of the DCT.

1) Selective reabsorption of substances: The DCT is involved in the selective reabsorption of substances from the filtrate back into the bloodstream. This process helps maintain the balance of electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, in the body [[1]].

2) Filtration of blood: The primary site of filtration in the kidneys occurs in the glomerulus, which is located before the DCT. The DCT receives the filtrate from the glomerulus, and further processes it by reabsorbing certain substances and excreting others [[2]].

3) Accumulation of urine: The DCT contributes to the concentration of urine by reabsorbing water from the filtrate. This helps in conserving water in the body and producing concentrated urine [[3]].

4) Excretion of urine: The DCT plays a role in the final modification of urine by selectively secreting certain substances into the filtrate. This process helps in eliminating waste products and maintaining the body's acid-base balance [[4]].

Decrease in Bacterial Count:

A decrease in the bacterial count can have various effects on the body's physiological processes. Let's explore the options provided:

1) Impaired carbohydrate absorption: While bacteria in the gut play a role in carbohydrate fermentation, a decrease in bacterial count is unlikely to directly lead to a disruption in carbohydrate absorption. Carbohydrate absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, and any impairment in this process is more likely to be caused by other factors [[5]].

2) Impaired protein digestion: Bacteria in the gut are involved in the breakdown of complex proteins into simpler forms. A decrease in bacterial count may lead to a reduction in protein digestion, as the bacteria contribute to the breakdown of proteins in the large intestine [[6]].

3) Impaired fiber digestion: Bacteria in the gut also aid in the digestion of dietary fiber, which is not digested by human enzymes. A decrease in bacterial count can potentially lead to a decrease in the breakdown of fiber, resulting in reduced fiber digestion [[7]].

4) Partial dehydration of the body: While bacteria in the gut play a role in maintaining water balance, a decrease in bacterial count is unlikely to directly cause partial dehydration of the body. Dehydration is more commonly caused by factors such as inadequate fluid intake, excessive sweating, or certain medical conditions [[8]].

It's important to note that the effects of a decrease in bacterial count can vary depending on the specific bacteria involved and the overall balance of the gut microbiota. Additionally, other factors may also contribute to the outcomes mentioned above.

I hope this information helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.