
В чем отличие кровеносной системы кольчатых червей от кровеносной системы моллюсков??


Ответы на вопрос

У моллюсков - незамкнутая (за исключением головоногих). В неё входит сердце (орган, обеспечивающий движение крови по сосудам и полостям тела) и сосуды. Сердце состоит из желудочка и одного или двух предсердий. Кровеносные сосуды изливают кровь в пространство между клетками органов. Затем кровь вновь собирается в сосуды и поступает в жабры или лёгкие. Стоит отметить необычный голубоватый цвет крови моллюсков. Этот цвет происходит от гемоцианина, выполняющего функции, схожие с функциями гемоглобина в крови хордовых и кольчатых червей.



Difference between the Circulatory System of Earthworms and Mollusks
The circulatory systems of earthworms (annelids) and mollusks differ in their structure and function.
Earthworms: - Earthworms have a closed circulatory system, meaning that the blood is contained within vessels and does not directly come into contact with body tissues. - The circulatory system of earthworms consists of a dorsal blood vessel, a ventral blood vessel, and a series of smaller vessels that connect them. - The blood in earthworms, called hemolymph, is pumped by the dorsal blood vessel towards the front of the worm and then circulates back through the ventral blood vessel. - The hemolymph transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body of the earthworm. - Earthworms do not have a specialized organ for gas exchange, so oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs through the body surface.
Mollusks: - Mollusks have a variety of circulatory systems depending on the specific group of mollusks. - Some mollusks, such as bivalves (clams, mussels), have an open circulatory system. In an open circulatory system, the blood is not contained within vessels and directly bathes the body tissues. - Other mollusks, such as cephalopods (squids, octopuses), have a closed circulatory system similar to earthworms. - In mollusks with an open circulatory system, the blood, called hemolymph, is pumped by a heart into a series of sinuses or spaces within the body. From there, it flows back into the heart. - In mollusks with a closed circulatory system, the blood is contained within vessels and is pumped by a heart to various body tissues. - Mollusks have specialized respiratory structures, such as gills or lungs, for gas exchange.
In summary, the main difference between the circulatory systems of earthworms and mollusks lies in the organization of their blood vessels and the presence of specialized respiratory structures in mollusks for gas exchange. Earthworms have a closed circulatory system, while mollusks can have either an open or closed circulatory system, depending on the specific group of mollusks.


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