Question

Движущей силой эволюции, по Дарвину, является1. Ветер 2. Солнечный свет 3. Естественный отбор 4. Дождь и снегБорьба за существование приводит 1. к вымиранию вида 2. к размножению вида 3. естественному отбору 4. искусственному отборуМощные роющие лапы крота сформировались в результате 1. тренировки 2. постоянного рытья земли 3. естественного отбора 4. влияния температурыНаследственность и изменчивость 1. характерны не для всех организмов 2. являются движущими силами эволюции 3. не являются движущими силами эволюции 4. не связаны с видообразованием

Answer 1

1. Естественный отбор
2. естественному отбору
3. естественного отбора
4. являются движущими силами эволюции

Answer 2

The driving force of evolution, according to Darwin, is:

3. Natural selection

Darwin proposed that natural selection is the primary mechanism driving evolution. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with traits that are advantageous for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those advantageous traits to future generations. Over time, this leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population, resulting in evolutionary change.

The struggle for existence leads to:

1. Extinction of species

The struggle for existence refers to the competition among individuals of a species for limited resources. This competition can lead to the extinction of species if they are unable to adapt to changing conditions or if they are outcompeted by other species.

The powerful digging claws of a mole evolved as a result of:

3. Natural selection

The powerful digging claws of a mole have evolved through natural selection. Mole species with better digging abilities were more successful in finding food and creating burrows, which provided them with protection. As a result, individuals with these advantageous traits were more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their genes for strong digging claws to future generations.

Heredity and variation:

2. Are driving forces of evolution

Heredity and variation are indeed driving forces of evolution. Heredity refers to the passing on of traits from parents to offspring, while variation refers to the differences that exist among individuals within a population. These two factors are essential for natural selection to occur, as they provide the raw material for evolutionary change. Through heredity, advantageous traits can be passed on to future generations, while variation allows for the selection of the most beneficial traits through natural selection.