Question

какова роль вегетативной системы?

Answer 1

Ну я думаю ты нервную вегетативную систему имеешь ввиду, то она по-другому называется автономная. Она регулирует внутреннюю среду организма, т.е. отвечает за деятельность органов кровообращения, дыхания, пищеварения, выделения, размножения. Пооддерживает постоянство внутренней среды.

Answer 2

The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions. It plays a crucial role in regulating and maintaining the body's internal environment, allowing it to respond and adapt to various stimuli. The ANS is responsible for controlling processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, respiration, and body temperature.

The ANS consists of two main divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

1. Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS): The SNS is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response. It prepares the body for action in response to perceived threats or stressors. Activation of the SNS leads to increased heart rate, dilation of blood vessels, increased blood flow to muscles, and increased release of stress hormones like adrenaline. These responses help the body to respond quickly and effectively to dangerous situations.

2. Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS): The PNS is responsible for the body's "rest and digest" response. It promotes relaxation, conserves energy, and allows the body to recover and repair. Activation of the PNS leads to decreased heart rate, constriction of blood vessels, increased digestion and absorption of nutrients, and increased secretion of saliva and digestive enzymes. These responses help the body to rest, recover, and maintain homeostasis.

The ANS operates through a complex network of nerves and ganglia that connect the brain and spinal cord to various organs and tissues throughout the body.

The ANS receives input from higher brain centers, such as the hypothalamus, which helps regulate and coordinate its activities. It also receives sensory input from various organs and tissues, allowing it to monitor and respond to changes in the internal and external environment.

The ANS is regulated by a delicate balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Under normal conditions, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems work in opposition to maintain homeostasis. For example, when the sympathetic system increases heart rate, the parasympathetic system decreases it. This balance ensures that the body can respond appropriately to different situations and maintain optimal functioning.

Disruptions in the autonomic nervous system can lead to various health conditions.

Dysfunction or imbalance in the ANS can contribute to the development of several medical conditions, including hypertension, heart disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and autonomic neuropathy. These conditions can manifest as symptoms such as rapid or irregular heart rate, high or low blood pressure, digestive problems, and abnormal sweating.

In summary, the autonomic nervous system plays a vital role in regulating and maintaining the body's internal environment. It controls involuntary bodily functions and allows the body to respond and adapt to various stimuli. The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS work together to maintain homeostasis and ensure optimal functioning of the body.