Question

Определите последовательность процессов, характерных для географического видообразования:1)формирование популяции с новым генгофондом2)появление географической преграды между популяциями3)естественный отбор особей с приспособительными к данным условиям признаками4)появление особей с новыми признаками в изолированной популяции

Answer 1

2) Появление географической преграды меду популяциями.
4)появление особей с новыми признаками в изолированной популяции  .
3)естественный отбор особей с приспособительными к данным условиям признаками.
1)формирование популяции с новым генофондом.

Answer 2

Sequence of Processes in Geographical Speciation

Geographical speciation refers to the process by which new species arise due to the geographic isolation of populations. This process involves several sequential steps that lead to the formation of distinct populations with unique characteristics. The following is a detailed explanation of the sequence of processes involved in geographical speciation:

1. Formation of a Population with a New Gene Pool: The first step in geographical speciation is the formation of a population with a new gene pool. This can occur through various mechanisms, such as migration or colonization of a new habitat. When individuals from a source population establish a new population in a different geographic area, they bring with them a different set of genetic variations. This leads to the formation of a population with a new gene pool [[1]].

2. Emergence of a Geographical Barrier: Once the new population is established, a geographical barrier may arise between the original population and the newly formed population. This barrier can be a physical feature like a mountain range, a river, or a body of water. The barrier prevents or restricts gene flow between the two populations, leading to their isolation from each other [[2]].

3. Natural Selection of Adapted Traits: Over time, the isolated populations experience different environmental conditions and selective pressures. This leads to the emergence of specific adaptations in each population that are advantageous for survival and reproduction in their respective habitats. Natural selection acts on the genetic variation within each population, favoring individuals with traits that are well-suited to their specific environment [[3]].

4. Appearance of New Traits in Isolated Population: As a result of the different selective pressures acting on each isolated population, new traits may arise through genetic mutations or recombination. These new traits can provide a selective advantage in the specific environmental conditions of the isolated population.