Question

Часть А Клеточные строения организмов всех царств живой природы служит доказательством 1)единства органического мира. 2)единства живой и не живой природы. 3)эволюции органического мира. 4)происхождения ядерных организмов от доядерных. 2. Изменчивость – это свойство организмов 1)передавать врождённые признаки потомств. 2)восстанавливать утраченные части тела. 3)которая приводит к возникновению различий между особями одного вида. 4)устанавливать взаимосвязи и взаимоотношения животных и факторов окружающей среды. 3. Сохранение особей с признаками, полезными для них в конкретных условиях среды, оставление ими потомства – это 1) приспособленность 3) изменчивость 2) наследственность 4) естественный отбор 4. Усложнение органического мира в процессе эволюции происходило в результате 1)обмена веществ и превращения энергии 2)наследственности, изменчивости, естественного отбора 3)полового и бесполого размножения. 4)приспособленности организмов к среде обитания. В основе создания новых сортов культурных растений и пород сельскохозяйственный животных лежит не только искусственный отбор, но и 1)хороший уход за растениями и животными. 2)борьба за существование. 3)взаимоотношение организмов и среды. 4)наследственность и изменчивость организмов, их скрещивание. 6.Главный (основной) признак живого – 1)обмен веществ и превращение энергии. 2)изменение размеров тела. 3)изменение температуры окружающей среды. 4)способность обрабатывать органические вещества и неорганические. 7.Увеличение массы и размера организма называют 1)развитием 2)ростом 3)изменчивостью 4)движением 8.Объединение материнского и отцовского набора хромосом образование их двойного набора у растений происходит в процессе 1)опыления. 2)оплодотворение. 3)образование цисты. 4)деления клеток. 9. За хранение и передачу наследственной информации в клетке ответственны 1)углеводы 2)нуклеиновые кислоты 3)белки 4)жиры 10. Фотосинтез – это процесс 1)образования органических веществ на свету из углекислого газа и воды. 2)поглощения кислорода и выделение углекислого газа.3)окисления органических веществ с освобождением энергии. 4)передвижения органических веществ и в растении. 11. Организмы, которые питаются пищей, кровью или тканями другого организма, нанося ему вред, но не вызывая его мгновенную гибель, это 1)хищники 2)конкуренты 3)паразиты 4)симбионты 12. Дыхание служит основным источником 1)органических веществ. 2)кислорода 3)витаминов 4)энергии 13. Энергию солнечного света на построение органических веществ из неорганических не могут использовать организмы, которые не имеют 1)хлоропластов. 3)пищеварительных вакуолей. 2)ложноножек и жгутиков. 4)сократительных вакуолей 14. У папоротников, в отличии от мхов, в процессе эволюции сформировалось хорошо развитое проводящая система, которая 1)участвует в размножении растений. 2)выполняет функцию опоры, обеспечивает листья водой. 3)снабжает растения кислородом. 4)обеспечивает растения веществами, ускоряющими процесс фотосинтеза. 15. Органическими веществами, энергией и кислородом живые организмы в основном обеспечивают 1)беспозвоночные животные 3)позвоночные животные 2)растения 4)грибы 16. Главное отличие грибов от растений состоит в том, что 1)они имеют клеточное строение 2)они тесно связаны со средой обитания 3)они поглощают из почвы воду и минеральные соли 4)их клетки не содержат хлоропластов с хлорофиллом 17. Водоросли считают наиболее просто организованными растениями, так как 1)у них нет тканей и органов. 2)они живут преимущественно в воде. 3)в их клетках на свету происходит фотосинтез. 4)среди них есть не только многоклеточные, но и одноклеточные. 18. Об усложнении покрытосеменных, по сравнению с голосеменными свидетельствует появление у них в процессе эволюции 1)корней 2)цветков и плодов. 3)семян. 4)побегов. 19.Клубень картофеля, в отличии от корня, не может выполнят функцию 1)размножения. 2)образование новых побегов. 3)отложения новых органических веществ в з

Answer 1

1.3)
2.3)
3.1)
4.4)
5.3)
6.1)
7.2)
8.2)
9.2)
10.1)
11.3)
12.2)
13.1)
14.3)
15.растения
16.4)
17.4)
18.1)
19.1)

Answer 2

Cellular Structures in Organisms

The cellular structures in organisms from all kingdoms of the living world serve as evidence for:

1) The unity of the organic world: The fundamental cellular structures and processes are shared by all living organisms, regardless of their kingdom or species. This unity is seen in the presence of cellular components such as cell membranes, cytoplasm, and genetic material [[1]].

2) The unity of living and non-living nature: Cellular structures and processes are based on chemical reactions and physical principles that are also observed in non-living systems. For example, the movement of molecules across cell membranes follows principles of diffusion and osmosis, which are also observed in non-living systems [[2]].

3) The evolution of the organic world: The diversity of cellular structures and functions across different organisms reflects the process of evolution. Over time, organisms have developed specialized cellular structures and processes that allow them to adapt to their environments and perform specific functions [[3]].

4) The origin of nuclear organisms from pre-nuclear organisms: The presence of different types of cells, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, suggests that nuclear organisms evolved from pre-nuclear organisms. Eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus, evolved from prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus [[4]].

Variability in Organisms

Variability is a property of organisms that leads to:

1) The transmission of inherited traits to offspring: Variability allows organisms to pass on their inherited traits to their offspring. This is achieved through the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next [[5]].

2) The regeneration of lost body parts: Some organisms have the ability to regenerate lost or damaged body parts. This is seen in organisms such as starfish, which can regenerate their arms, and salamanders, which can regenerate their tails [[6]].

3) The emergence of differences between individuals of the same species: Variability leads to differences between individuals of the same species. These differences can be observed in traits such as physical appearance, behavior, and physiological characteristics [[7]].

4) The establishment of relationships between animals and environmental factors: Variability allows organisms to establish relationships and interactions with their environment. These interactions can include adaptations to specific environmental conditions, such as the development of specialized structures for obtaining food or avoiding predators [[8]].

Adaptation and Natural Selection

The preservation of individuals with traits that are beneficial to them in specific environmental conditions, and the passing on of these traits to their offspring, is known as adaptation. Adaptation is a key mechanism in the process of natural selection, which leads to the evolution of species over time [[9]].

Complexity in the Organic World

The complexity of the organic world has evolved through various processes, including:

1) Metabolism and energy transformation: The exchange of substances and the transformation of energy within organisms have contributed to the complexity of the organic world. Metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration, allow organisms to obtain and utilize energy [[10]].

2) Heredity, variability, and natural selection: The processes of heredity, variability, and natural selection have played a role in the complexity of the organic world. These processes have led to the accumulation of beneficial traits and the elimination of less advantageous traits over time [[11]].

3) Sexual and asexual reproduction: The combination of sexual and asexual reproduction has contributed to the complexity of the organic world. Sexual reproduction allows for the mixing of genetic material from two parents, leading to genetic diversity, while asexual reproduction allows for the rapid reproduction of genetically identical offspring [[12]].

4) Organism adaptation to the environment: The adaptation of organisms to their environment has also contributed to the complexity of the organic world. Organisms have developed specialized structures, behaviors, and physiological processes that allow them to survive and thrive in specific habitats [[13]].

Creation of New Varieties in Cultivated Plants and Livestock

The creation of new varieties in cultivated plants and livestock is not solely dependent on artificial selection, but also on:

1) Good care of plants and animals: Providing good care, such as proper nutrition, disease control, and appropriate environmental conditions, is essential for the creation of new varieties in cultivated plants and livestock [[14]].

2) Competition for survival: Competition among plants and animals for resources and survival can also contribute to the creation of new varieties. In competitive environments, only the individuals with advantageous traits are able to survive and reproduce, leading to the development of new varieties [[15]].

3) Interactions between organisms and the environment: The interactions between organisms and their environment, including interactions with other organisms and the physical environment, can influence the creation of new varieties. These interactions can lead to adaptations and changes in the genetic makeup of populations [[16]].

4) Heredity and variability of organisms, and their crossbreeding: The heredity and variability of organisms, as well as their crossbreeding, play a significant role in the creation of new varieties. By combining the genetic material of different individuals through crossbreeding, new combinations of traits can be generated [[17]].

The Main Characteristic of Living Organisms

The main characteristic of living organisms is:

1) Metabolism and energy transformation: Living organisms are capable of exchanging matter and energy with their environment. They can obtain energy from organic and inorganic substances and transform it into forms that can be used for various biological processes [[18]].

Increase in Mass and Size of Organisms

The increase in mass and size of organisms is referred to as:

2) Growth: Growth is the process by which organisms increase in size and mass over time. It involves the accumulation of new cells and the expansion of existing cells [[19]].

Formation of a Double Set of Chromosomes in Plants

The formation of a double set of chromosomes in plants, combining the maternal and paternal sets, occurs through:

2) Fertilization: Fertilization is the process by which the maternal and paternal sets of chromosomes combine to form a double set of chromosomes in plants. This process occurs when pollen from the male reproductive organs (stamen) reaches the female reproductive organs (pistil) of a plant [[20]].

Storage and Transmission of Genetic Information in Cells

The storage and transmission of genetic information in cells is primarily governed by:

2) Nucleic acids: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in cells. These molecules carry the instructions for the synthesis of proteins and other cellular components [[21]].

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which organic substances are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and some other organisms. The correct option is:

1) The formation of organic substances in the presence of light from carbon dioxide and water [[22]].

Organisms that Feed on Other Organisms

Organisms that feed on other organisms, causing harm to them without causing immediate death, are known as:

3) Parasites: Parasites obtain nutrients from other organisms, known as hosts, and can cause harm to them. However, they do not typically cause immediate death to the host [[23]].

Respiration

Respiration serves as the primary source of:

4) Energy: Respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy from organic molecules, such as glucose, through a series of chemical reactions. This energy is used to perform various biological processes within the organism [[24]].

Utilization of Solar Energy

Organisms that cannot utilize solar energy to synthesize organic substances from inorganic substances lack:

1) Chloroplasts: Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which organisms utilize solar energy to synthesize organic substances from inorganic substances. Organisms that lack chloroplasts, such as animals, cannot directly utilize solar energy for this purpose [[25]].

Differences Between Ferns and Mosses

In the process of evolution, ferns have developed a well-developed conducting system, which:

2) Provides support and supplies leaves with water: The well-developed conducting system in ferns allows for the transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant. This system provides support to the plant and supplies the leaves with water [[26]].

Provision of Energy, Organic Substances, and Oxygen

Living organisms primarily provide:

1) Energy, organic substances, and oxygen: Living organisms play a crucial role in providing energy, organic substances, and oxygen to other organisms in ecosystems. Through processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, organisms produce and consume these essential resources [[27]].

Note: The search results provided by You.com were used to answer the questions.