Question

Транспорт веществ через клеточную мембрану ,требующий затрат энергии

Answer 1

Это мембранный транспорт

Answer 2

Transport of Substances Across the Cell Membrane Requiring Energy

The transport of substances across the cell membrane can occur through various mechanisms, including passive transport and active transport. Passive transport does not require energy expenditure, while active transport requires the input of energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Active transport is a process that uses energy to move substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient. This process is essential for maintaining the concentration gradients necessary for cellular functions. Active transport is carried out by specific proteins called transporters or pumps, which are embedded in the cell membrane.

One example of active transport is the sodium-potassium pump. This pump actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, against their concentration gradients. This process requires the hydrolysis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which provides the energy needed for the pump to function.

Another example of active transport is endocytosis and exocytosis. Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. Exocytosis, on the other hand, is the process by which cells release substances by fusing vesicles containing the substances with the cell membrane. Both endocytosis and exocytosis require energy expenditure by the cell.

In summary, the transport of substances across the cell membrane that requires energy includes active transport processes such as the sodium-potassium pump, endocytosis, and exocytosis.

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