Question

Установите последовательность процессов биосинтеза белка.1) молекула и-РНК покидает ядро2) рибосома скользит по и-РНК как по матрице, присоединяя аминокислоты3) молекула и-РНК соединяется с рибосомой4) образующийся белок погружается в каналы эндоплазматической сети5) на одной цепи ДНК синтезируется молекула и-РНК

Answer 1

5,1,3,2,4

стыдно такого не знать))))

Answer 2

Sequence of Protein Biosynthesis Processes

The process of protein biosynthesis involves several steps that occur in a specific sequence. Here is the sequence of these processes:

1. Transcription: The first step in protein biosynthesis is transcription, where a molecule of mRNA (messenger RNA) is synthesized based on the DNA template in the nucleus. During transcription, the DNA double helix unwinds, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary mRNA strand using one of the DNA strands as a template. This mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

2. mRNA Export: After transcription, the mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm. This process is facilitated by nuclear pore complexes in the nuclear envelope.

3. Translation Initiation: Once in the cytoplasm, the mRNA molecule binds to a ribosome, which serves as the site of protein synthesis. The ribosome scans the mRNA molecule until it finds the start codon (usually AUG) that signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

4. Translation Elongation: During translation elongation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule in a 5' to 3' direction, reading the codons and adding the corresponding amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. Each codon on the mRNA molecule is recognized by a complementary anticodon on a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, which carries the specific amino acid corresponding to that codon. The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids, creating a growing polypeptide chain.

5. Translation Termination: The process of translation continues until a stop codon is reached on the mRNA molecule. When a stop codon is encountered, a release factor protein binds to the ribosome, causing the release of the completed polypeptide chain. The ribosome dissociates from the mRNA molecule, and the newly synthesized protein is released into the cytoplasm.

It is important to note that the process of protein biosynthesis is highly complex and regulated, involving numerous additional factors and processes. The sequence provided above outlines the basic steps involved in protein biosynthesis, but there are many more intricacies and regulatory mechanisms involved in the actual process.

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