Question

Процесс выдоха,объяснить с точки зрения физики

Answer 1

ЛЁГКИЕ мышцы грудной клетки ещё попробуй загуглить и физику хорошо изучать

Answer 2

The Exhalation Process Explained from a Physics Perspective

The process of exhalation, also known as expiration, is an essential part of the respiratory system. It involves the expulsion of air from the lungs, allowing for the removal of carbon dioxide and the exchange of gases in the body. From a physics perspective, several factors contribute to the exhalation process.

1. Elastic Recoil of the Lungs: During inhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing the lungs to expand. This expansion increases the volume of the lungs, creating a lower pressure inside compared to the atmospheric pressure. As a result, air flows into the lungs. During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, and the elastic recoil of the lungs comes into play. The elastic fibers in the lung tissue contract, causing the lungs to recoil and decrease in volume. This decrease in volume increases the pressure inside the lungs, which is now higher than the atmospheric pressure. As a result, air is forced out of the lungs.

2. Airway Resistance: Another factor that affects the exhalation process is airway resistance. The airways in the respiratory system, including the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, offer resistance to the flow of air. During exhalation, the smooth muscles in the airway walls contract, narrowing the airways and increasing resistance. This increased resistance slows down the flow of air during exhalation.

3. Surface Tension: Surface tension also plays a role in exhalation. The alveoli, which are tiny air sacs in the lungs, are lined with a thin layer of fluid. This fluid creates surface tension, which tends to collapse the alveoli and make it difficult for them to empty completely during exhalation. However, the presence of surfactant, a substance that reduces surface tension, helps to prevent the collapse of the alveoli and facilitates the exhalation process.

4. Muscular Contraction: Muscular contraction is involved in the exhalation process as well. The internal intercostal muscles, located between the ribs, contract during forceful exhalation. This contraction pulls the ribs downward and inward, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and aiding in the expulsion of air from the lungs.

In summary, the exhalation process involves the elastic recoil of the lungs, airway resistance, surface tension, and muscular contraction. These factors work together to facilitate the expulsion of air from the lungs, allowing for the removal of carbon dioxide and the exchange of gases in the body.