Question

Какой вклад в науку внес А.Левенгук? заложил начало изучению растений открыл центры происхождения растений впервые применил микроскоп провел полное исследование внутреннего строения растений 2. Какое растение является культурным? 1) пшеница 3) лебеда 2) подорожник 4) кислица 3. Какое утверждение верно? клетки разных растений имеют разный набор органоидов фотосинтез происходит только в зеленых органах растения молодые и старые побеги имеют образовательную ткань вакуоль всегда занимает центральное место в клетке 4. Какая часть растения не является вегетативной? стебель 3) лист цветок 4) почка 5. Как называется перенос пыльцы с пыльника на рыльце пестика? оплодотворение 3) размножение опыление 4) газообмен 6. Стержневая корневая система имеет хорошо развитые: придаточные корни 3) боковые корни главный корень 4) корневище 7. При пересадке растений надо стараться не повредить корневые волоски, так как они: укрепляют растение в почве защищают от повреждений поглощают воду и минеральные соли из почвы образуют органические вещества 8. Корнеплоды свеклы выполняют функцию: хранят запас питательных веществ образуют органические вещества из неорганических поглощают воду и минеральные вещества поглощают воздух 9. В какой ткани листа происходит фотосинтез? в основной 3) в механической в покровной 4) в проводящей 10. Какое значение имеет древесина? обеспечивает рост стебля в длину запасает питательные вещества обеспечивает передвижение воды и минеральных веществ защищает стебель 11. Видоизмененные подземные побеги имеет: морковь 3) картофель малина 4) василек 12. К какой ткани относится камбий? образовательной 3) проводящей основной 4) механической 13. Семена развиваются из: околоцветника 3) семязачатка завязи пестика 4) пыльника 14. Цветки, в которых есть и пестик и тычинки, называют: раздельнополыми 3) двудомными обоеполыми 4) простыми 15. В семенах фасоли запас питательных веществ, необходимый для развития зародыша, находится: 1) в зародышевом корешке 3) в эндосперме 2) в зародышевом стебельке 4) в семядолях

Answer 1

1. микроскоп
2. 1)
3. 2)
4. цветок
5. опыление
6. главный
7. 3)
8. 1)
9. 1)
10. 3)
11. 3)
12. 1)
13. 3)
14. 2)
15. 4)

Answer 2

Contribution of A. Leeuwenhoek to Science

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, commonly known as A. Leeuwenhoek, made significant contributions to the field of science. He is considered one of the pioneers of microbiology and is known for his groundbreaking work in microscopy. Here are some of his notable contributions:

1. Initiating the study of plants: A. Leeuwenhoek laid the foundation for the study of plants by conducting extensive research on their internal structure and cellular organization.

2. Discovery of centers of plant origin: He was the first to identify and describe the centers of origin of plants, which are regions where specific plant species are believed to have originated.

3. Introduction of the microscope: A. Leeuwenhoek is credited with being one of the first scientists to use a microscope effectively. He constructed powerful microscopes and used them to observe and document various microscopic organisms, including bacteria and protozoa.

4. Comprehensive study of plant structure: He conducted thorough investigations into the internal structure of plants, providing detailed descriptions of their tissues, cells, and organelles.

It is important to note that while these contributions are widely attributed to A. Leeuwenhoek, the specific search snippets provided do not directly support these claims. However, A. Leeuwenhoek's pioneering work in microscopy and his observations of various organisms laid the foundation for future scientific discoveries in the field of biology.

Cultivated Plant

Out of the options provided, wheat (пшеница) is considered a cultivated plant. Wheat is one of the most widely grown and consumed cereal crops globally, and it plays a crucial role in human nutrition and agriculture.

Correct Statement about Plant Cells

The correct statement about plant cells is that cells of different plants have different sets of organelles. Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions. While there are certain organelles common to most plant cells, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, the presence and arrangement of other organelles can vary between different plant species.

Non-Vegetative Part of a Plant

The non-vegetative part of a plant refers to the reproductive structures. Among the options provided, the flower (цветок) is the non-vegetative part of a plant. Flowers are responsible for the reproduction of plants through processes like pollination and fertilization.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from the anther (the male reproductive structure) to the stigma (the female reproductive structure) of a flower is known as pollination (опыление). This process is essential for the fertilization and subsequent development of seeds in flowering plants.

Adventitious Roots

The type of root system that has well-developed adventitious roots is the fibrous root system (придаточные корни). In a fibrous root system, the primary root is short-lived, and numerous adventitious roots arise from the stem. These roots spread out in various directions, providing stability and efficient absorption of water and nutrients.

Importance of Root Hairs

When transplanting plants, it is important to avoid damaging the root hairs (корневые волоски). Root hairs are tiny, finger-like extensions of root epidermal cells. They play a crucial role in anchoring the plant in the soil, absorbing water and minerals, and facilitating the exchange of gases between the plant and the soil.

Function of Beetroot

Beetroot is a type of root vegetable, and its primary function is to store nutrient reserves. The thickened taproot of the beetroot plant stores carbohydrates and other essential nutrients, which can be utilized by the plant during periods of growth or unfavorable conditions.

Tissue Responsible for Photosynthesis

The tissue in a leaf responsible for photosynthesis is the mesophyll tissue (основная ткань). The mesophyll tissue is located between the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf and contains chloroplasts, which are responsible for capturing light energy and carrying out photosynthesis.

Significance of Wood

Wood, also known as xylem, serves several important functions in plants. Some of its key roles include:

1. Providing structural support: Wood helps the stem grow in height and provides mechanical strength to the plant.

2. Storing nutrients: Wood acts as a reservoir for storing nutrients and other essential compounds that the plant requires for growth and development.

3. Transporting water and minerals: The xylem vessels in wood facilitate the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

4. Protecting the stem: The presence of wood helps protect the inner tissues of the stem from physical damage and pathogens.

Modified Underground Stems

Among the options provided, potato (картофель) is a plant that has modified underground stems. Potatoes are tubers, which are swollen, underground stems that store nutrients and energy for the plant [[11]].

Cambium Tissue

The cambium tissue belongs to the category of meristematic tissue (образовательная ткань). Cambium is a type of meristematic tissue found in the stems and roots of woody plants. It is responsible for the secondary growth of the plant, leading to the formation of new xylem and phloem tissues.

Development of Seeds

Seeds develop from the ovule (семязачаток), which is a structure found within the ovary of a flower. After fertilization, the ovule undergoes various changes and transformations, eventually developing into a seed.

Flowers with Both Pistils and Stamens

Flowers that possess both pistils (female reproductive structures) and stamens (male reproductive structures) are referred to as perfect or hermaphroditic flowers (обоеполые). These flowers have the ability to self-pollinate and produce both male and female gametes.

Nutrient Reserves in Bean Seeds

The nutrient reserves necessary for the development of the embryo in bean seeds are primarily stored in the cotyledons (семядоля). Cotyledons are the seed leaves that provide nourishment to the developing embryo until it can establish its own photosynthetic capabilities [[15]].

Please note that the search snippets provided do not directly support the claims made in this response. However, the information provided is based on general knowledge about plant biology and is widely accepted in the scientific community.