Question

Почему больного знобит при лихорадке, когда температура тела достигает 40°С

Answer 1

После повышения температуры уменьшается теплоотдача, из-за чего происходит спазм сосудов кожи, поэтому больного человека знобит.

Answer 2

Why does a person shiver when their body temperature reaches 40°C during a fever?

When a person's body temperature reaches 40°C during a fever, they may experience shivering or chills. This physiological response is the body's attempt to generate heat and raise its core temperature back to normal. Shivering is a reflexive muscle contraction and relaxation that generates heat through increased metabolic activity. It is controlled by the hypothalamus, which acts as the body's thermostat and regulates body temperature.

During a fever, the body's immune system is activated in response to an infection or illness. The hypothalamus detects the presence of pyrogens, which are substances released by the immune system that raise the body's temperature set point. As a result, the hypothalamus signals the body to increase heat production and decrease heat loss in order to raise the body temperature to the new set point.

Shivering is one of the mechanisms the body uses to generate heat. When the body's temperature is elevated, the hypothalamus sends signals to the muscles to contract and relax rapidly, causing shivering. This rapid muscle activity generates heat, which helps to increase the body's core temperature.

It's important to note that shivering is not the only way the body generates heat during a fever. Other mechanisms include increased metabolic activity, vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels to reduce heat loss), and behavioral changes such as seeking warmth or bundling up in blankets.

In summary, when a person's body temperature reaches 40°C during a fever, shivering occurs as a reflexive response to generate heat and raise the body's core temperature back to normal. The hypothalamus plays a key role in regulating body temperature and initiating the shivering response