Question

ВПРАВА 1. Коли ми вживаємо лактозу, сахарозу та мальтозу, наша травна система виділяє лактазу, сахаразу та мальтазу. (Лактоза та фруктоза мають ті самі компоненти, що й глюкоза, але компоненти розташовані не однаково). Чого досягають ці ферменти і чого врешті-решт хоче досягти наша травна система? Відповідайте якомога точніше на звороті або на аркуші паперу.​

Answer 1

The Role of Digestive Enzymes in Breaking Down Lactose, Sucrose, and Maltose

When we consume lactose, sucrose, and maltose, our digestive system produces specific enzymes to break down these sugars. These enzymes include lactase, sucrase, and maltase. Each enzyme is responsible for breaking down a specific sugar into its component parts, which can then be absorbed and utilized by the body.

Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. Lactase breaks lactose down into its two component sugars, glucose and galactose. This process allows individuals to digest lactose and absorb the sugars into their bloodstream for energy [[1]].

Sucrase is an enzyme that breaks down sucrose, commonly known as table sugar. Sucrase breaks sucrose down into its two component sugars, glucose and fructose. This breakdown allows the body to absorb and utilize the glucose and fructose for energy [[2]].

Maltase is an enzyme that breaks down maltose, a sugar found in grains and malted foods. Maltase breaks maltose down into two glucose molecules. This breakdown enables the body to absorb and utilize the glucose for energy [[3]].

The Purpose of Digestive Enzymes in our Digestive System

The main purpose of these digestive enzymes, lactase, sucrase, and maltase, is to facilitate the digestion and absorption of sugars in our digestive system. By breaking down complex sugars into simpler sugars, these enzymes enable the body to absorb and utilize the sugars for energy and other metabolic processes.

When we consume lactose, sucrose, or maltose, our digestive system recognizes these sugars and produces the corresponding enzymes to break them down. Without these enzymes, the sugars would remain undigested and unabsorbed, leading to digestive discomfort and potential nutrient deficiencies.

The breakdown of lactose, sucrose, and maltose into their component sugars also allows for efficient absorption in the small intestine. Glucose, galactose, and fructose are easily absorbed by the intestinal cells and transported into the bloodstream for distribution to various tissues and organs in the body.

In summary, the enzymes lactase, sucrase, and maltase play a crucial role in breaking down lactose, sucrose, and maltose, respectively. Their function is to break these complex sugars into simpler sugars that can be absorbed and utilized by the body for energy and other metabolic processes.