Question

Установите последовательность процессов, происходящих при биосинтезе белка. 1) присоединение антикодона к кодону 2) выход иРНК в цитоплазму 3) синтез иРНК на ДНК 4) соединение иРНК с рибосомой 5) отщепление аминокислоты в белковую цепь

Answer 1

Ответ:

32415

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Answer 2

Sequence of Processes in Protein Biosynthesis

Protein biosynthesis is a complex process involving several sequential steps. Here's the sequence of processes that occur during protein biosynthesis:

1. Synthesis of mRNA from DNA: The first step in protein biosynthesis is the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from DNA. This process, known as transcription, takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of the DNA and synthesizes a complementary mRNA strand based on the DNA template.

2. Export of mRNA to the Cytoplasm: Once the mRNA is synthesized, it is transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells, this process involves the mRNA being processed and then transported through nuclear pores to reach the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs.

3. Attachment of mRNA to Ribosome: In the cytoplasm, the mRNA attaches to a ribosome, which serves as the site for protein synthesis. The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and coordinates the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

4. Binding of tRNA to mRNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, each carrying a specific amino acid, bind to the mRNA at the ribosome. The tRNA molecules have an anticodon that is complementary to the codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

5. Peptide Bond Formation: The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids, creating a growing polypeptide chain.

6. Translocation and Elongation: As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, new tRNA molecules bring additional amino acids to the ribosome, and the polypeptide chain continues to elongate.

7. Termination: The process continues until a stop codon is reached on the mRNA. At this point, the ribosome releases the completed polypeptide chain, and the newly synthesized protein is released.

In summary, the sequence of processes in protein biosynthesis involves transcription of DNA to mRNA, export of mRNA to the cytoplasm, attachment of mRNA to ribosomes, binding of tRNA to mRNA, peptide bond formation, translocation and elongation, and termination of the process.

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