Question

Задания суммативного оценивания за 2 четверть по предмету «Биология»1.а) Определите органы растений, участвующие в транспорте веществ.A) семяB) листC) плод D) корень E) цветокF) стебельН) почка[2]b) Опишите строение системы у растений, транспортирующей вещества, двигающиеся в разных направлениях:-Вверх--Вниз-[2]с) Сделайте вывод о взаимосвязи строения и функций органов и систем, участвующей в транспорте веществ у растений_____________________________________________________________[1]2. а)Определите ткани животных, участвующие в транспорте веществ.A)опорная B) нервная C) покровнаяD) мышечнаяE) проводящаяF) механическая G) эпителиальнаяH) соединительная [2]б) Укажите органы дыхания животных разных сред обитания с примерами. Среды обитания Органы дыхания ПримерыВодная Наземная Почвенная [3]с)i)Подпишите на рисунке круги кровообращения [2]ii) Из предложенных вариантов перечислите особенности незамкнутой системы кровообращенияA)Высокое давление кровиB) Циркулирует в системе замкнутых сосудовC) Свойственна кольчатым червямD) Невысокое давление кровиE) Несет кровь от сердца к сосудамF) Имеется у хордовыхG) Медленное возвращение крови к сердцуH) Нету передачи питательных веществ к тканям[2]3 а)Дайте определение понятию «фотосинтез».[1]б)Перечислите условия необходимые в световой и темновой фазах фотосинтеза________________________________________________________________[2]4 a.)Определите особенности органов дыхания позвоночных и беспозвоночных животных.Живые организмы Особенности органов дыхания1. Рак 2. Рыба3. Муха4. Амеба 5. Голубь6. Человек7. Дождевой червь A) жабрыB) трахеи, дыхальца C) жабры, жаберные дугиD) легкие, воздушные мешкиE) легкие, воздухоносные путиF) вся поверхность тела, путем диффузии G) вся поверхность тела, клеточное дыхание [7]б)Распределите особенности органов дыхательной системы характерные для позвоночных и беспозвоночных животныхA) Дышат всей поверхностью телаB) Легкие, жабрыC) Дышат спомощью легких и влажной кожиD) Наличие легочных пузырьковE) Перистые жабрыF) Органы дыхания трахеиG) Органы дыхания расположены в брюшкоH) Наличие диафрагмыОсобенности позвоночных Особенности беспозвоночных [4]с)Рассмотрите рисунок строения органов дыхательной системы человека. Укажите название органов под цифрой 5__________,7______________ [2]​

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. a) В, F

b) -

c) Транспортировка минералов играет большую роль.

2. а) D, G

Объяснение: Все что знаю

Answer 2

Organs involved in the transport of substances in plants:

The organs involved in the transport of substances in plants include: - Roots: Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and transport them to other parts of the plant. - Stem: The stem transports water, minerals, and sugars between the roots and leaves. - Leaves: Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis and the transport of water, minerals, and sugars. - Flowers: Flowers transport water, minerals, and sugars to support the growth and development of reproductive structures. - Fruits: Fruits transport sugars and other nutrients to support seed development and dispersal. - Seeds: Seeds contain stored nutrients and are involved in the transport of these nutrients during germination [[1]].

Structure of the transport system in plants:

The transport system in plants consists of two main types of tissues: - Xylem: Xylem tissue transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. It consists of specialized cells called tracheids and vessel elements. - Phloem: Phloem tissue transports sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to other parts of the plant. It consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells. These tissues form a network of vessels that allow substances to move in different directions within the plant. The xylem transports substances upwards, from the roots to the leaves, while the phloem transports substances both upwards and downwards, to various parts of the plant [[2]].

Interconnection between the structure and functions of organs and systems involved in the transport of substances in plants:

The structure of organs and systems involved in the transport of substances in plants is closely related to their functions. For example: - The root system has structures like root hairs and a large surface area to maximize the absorption of water and minerals from the soil. - The stem has vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) that allow for the efficient transport of water, minerals, and sugars between the roots and leaves. - The leaf structure includes stomata, which regulate gas exchange, and a large surface area for photosynthesis and transpiration. - The flower structure facilitates pollination and fertilization, ensuring the transport of nutrients to support seed development. - The fruit structure aids in seed dispersal and protects the developing seeds. These structural adaptations enable plants to efficiently transport substances and perform essential functions like nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and reproduction [[1]].

Tissues involved in the transport of substances in animals:

The tissues involved in the transport of substances in animals include: - Circulatory tissue: Circulatory tissue, specifically blood, transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. - Respiratory tissue: Respiratory tissue, such as lungs or gills, is responsible for the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the animal and its environment. - Muscle tissue: Muscle tissue contracts and relaxes to facilitate movement and the circulation of blood. - Epithelial tissue: Epithelial tissue lines the surfaces of organs and structures, including blood vessels and respiratory surfaces, and plays a role in the exchange of substances. - Connective tissue: Connective tissue provides structural support and connects different parts of the body [[2]].

Respiratory organs in animals in different habitats:

Different animals have adapted respiratory organs based on their habitats. Here are some examples: - Aquatic: Aquatic animals, such as fish, have gills that extract oxygen from water. Gills are specialized respiratory organs that allow for efficient gas exchange in water. - Terrestrial: Terrestrial animals, including humans, have lungs that extract oxygen from the air. Lungs provide a large surface area for gas exchange and are adapted to breathe air. - Soil-dwelling: Soil-dwelling animals, like earthworms, respire through their moist skin. Their skin acts as a respiratory surface, allowing for gas exchange with the surrounding environment [[3]].

Circulatory system circulation patterns:

- Closed circulatory system: In a closed circulatory system, blood flows through a network of vessels and remains separate from the interstitial fluid. This system is found in vertebrates, including humans. Blood is pumped by the heart and circulates within a closed loop of blood vessels. - Open circulatory system: In an open circulatory system, blood is not always enclosed within vessels and directly bathes the tissues. This system is found in some invertebrates, such as insects and mollusks. The blood, called hemolymph, is pumped by a heart-like organ and flows through open spaces called sinuses. The main difference between the two systems is the presence or absence of vessels to contain the circulating fluid [[2]].

Features of an open circulatory system:

An open circulatory system has the following features: - Low blood pressure: In an open circulatory system, blood flows at a lower pressure compared to a closed circulatory system. - Circulation in open sinuses: The blood circulates through open spaces called sinuses, which directly bathe the tissues. - Limited control over blood flow: There is limited control over blood flow to specific tissues or organs. - Limited nutrient delivery: The open circulatory system does not provide efficient delivery of nutrients to tissues compared to a closed circulatory system. - No separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood: In an open circulatory system, there is no separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood as the blood mixes with the interstitial fluid. - Presence in certain invertebrates: Open circulatory systems are found in certain invertebrates, such as insects and mollusks [[2]].

Definition of photosynthesis:

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves the absorption of light energy, the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, and the release of oxygen as a byproduct [[1]].

Conditions necessary for the light and dark phases of photosynthesis:

- Light phase: The light phase of photosynthesis, also known as the light-dependent reaction, requires light energy and occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. It involves the absorption of light by chlorophyll, the splitting of water molecules, and the generation of ATP and NADPH. - Dark phase: The dark phase of photosynthesis, also known as the light-independent reaction or the Calvin cycle, does not directly require light and occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. It involves the fixation of carbon dioxide and the synthesis of glucose using ATP and NADPH generated in the light phase. Both the light and dark phases of photosynthesis are interconnected and depend on each other for the production of glucose and the release of oxygen [[2]].

Features of respiratory organs in vertebrates and invertebrates:

Here are the features of respiratory organs in vertebrates and invertebrates for the given organisms: - Crab: Gills - Fish: Gills - Fly: Tracheae, spiracles - Amoeba: Entire body surface - Pigeon: Lungs, air sacs - Human: Lungs, airways - Earthworm: Moist skin Different organisms have evolved various respiratory adaptations to suit their habitats and lifestyles [[7]].

Differentiation of respiratory organ features between vertebrates and invertebrates:

- Vertebrates: Vertebrates have specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs or gills, for efficient gas exchange. They have evolved structures like alveoli in lungs or gill filaments to increase the surface area available for gas exchange. Vertebrates also have a more complex respiratory system, including airways and a diaphragm, to facilitate breathing. - Invertebrates: Invertebrates have a diverse range of respiratory adaptations. Some rely on simple diffusion through their body surface, while others have specialized structures like tracheae, gills, or book lungs. Invertebrates generally have less complex respiratory systems compared to vertebrates [[4]].

Identification of organs in the human respiratory system:

- 5: Trachea - 7: Bronchus [[2]]