Question

Грегор Мендель скрестил сорт гороха с жёлтыми гладкими горошинами и сорт с зелеными морщинистыми, в поколении F1 получил только жёлтые гладкие горошины, а в поколении F2 насчитал 217 жёлтых гладких, 74 жёлтых морщинистых, 81 зелёных гладких и 28 зелёных морщинистых горошин. Сколько, исходя из независимого наследования двух этих признаков, ожидалось жёлтых гладких горошин? Жёлтых морщинистых? Зелёных гладких? Зелёных морщинистых?

Answer 1

Ответ:225, 75, 75, 25

Answer 2

Gregor Mendel's Pea Plant Experiment

Gregor Mendel, known as the father of modern genetics, conducted experiments with pea plants to study the inheritance of traits. In one of his experiments, he crossed a strain of pea plants with yellow, smooth peas with a strain bearing green, wrinkled peas. In the first filial generation (F1), he observed that all the offspring had yellow, smooth peas. In the second filial generation (F2), Mendel counted 217 plants with yellow, smooth peas, 74 with yellow, wrinkled peas, 81 with green, smooth peas, and 28 with green, wrinkled peas.

Calculation of Expected Phenotypic Ratios in F2 Generation

Mendel's observations can be explained using the principles of independent assortment and segregation of alleles. According to Mendel's laws, the inheritance of one trait is independent of the inheritance of another. This allows us to calculate the expected phenotypic ratios in the F2 generation based on the principles of probability.

Expected Phenotypic Ratios: - Yellow, Smooth Peas: To calculate the expected number of plants with yellow, smooth peas, we can use the formula: (Total number of plants in F2 generation) * (Probability of yellow, smooth peas). - Yellow, Wrinkled Peas: Similarly, the expected number of plants with yellow, wrinkled peas can be calculated using the probability of this phenotype. - Green, Smooth Peas: The expected number of plants with green, smooth peas can be calculated based on the probability of this phenotype. - Green, Wrinkled Peas: Finally, the expected number of plants with green, wrinkled peas can be determined using the probability of this phenotype.

Calculation Results

Based on the principles of independent assortment and segregation of alleles, the expected numbers of each phenotype in the F2 generation can be calculated as follows:

- Yellow, Smooth Peas: 9/16 of the total plants in the F2 generation are expected to have yellow, smooth peas. - Yellow, Wrinkled Peas: 3/16 of the total plants in the F2 generation are expected to have yellow, wrinkled peas. - Green, Smooth Peas: 3/16 of the total plants in the F2 generation are expected to have green, smooth peas. - Green, Wrinkled Peas: 1/16 of the total plants in the F2 generation are expected to have green, wrinkled peas.

These calculations are based on the principles of probability and the laws of inheritance proposed by Gregor Mendel.

Would you like to explore any other aspects of Mendel's experiments or genetics in general?