Question

Як прискорити розчинення твердих та газуватих речовин?2) Наведи приклади розчинних і нерозчинних речовин.

Answer 1

Ответ:

Відповідь:роз.цукор,цемент,кисень,лимонна кислота.не роз.пісок,олія,крейда,спирт

Answer 2

How to accelerate the dissolution of solid and gaseous substances?

To accelerate the dissolution of solid and gaseous substances, you can consider the following methods:

1. Increase the surface area: Breaking down the solid substance into smaller particles or increasing the surface area of the substance can speed up the dissolution process. This is because a larger surface area allows for more contact between the solvent and the solute, facilitating faster dissolution. For example, crushing a sugar cube into smaller granules will increase its surface area and accelerate its dissolution in water.

2. Stirring or agitation: Agitating or stirring the mixture can enhance the dissolution process. Stirring helps in maintaining a uniform distribution of the solute particles in the solvent, allowing for faster dissolution. This is particularly effective when dealing with solid substances. For example, stirring a spoonful of instant coffee in hot water helps it dissolve quickly.

3. Increasing temperature: Raising the temperature of the solvent can generally increase the rate of dissolution for both solid and gaseous substances. Higher temperatures provide more energy to the particles, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently, leading to faster dissolution. However, it's important to note that this may not be applicable to all substances, as some may have specific temperature requirements for dissolution.

4. Increasing pressure: For gaseous substances, increasing the pressure can enhance their dissolution in a solvent. This is because higher pressure forces more gas particles into contact with the solvent, increasing the rate of dissolution. An example of this is the carbonation process in carbonated beverages, where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved under high pressure.

5. Using a suitable solvent: Choosing the right solvent can also affect the rate of dissolution. Some substances dissolve more readily in certain solvents compared to others. For example, salt dissolves readily in water but not in oil.

Examples of soluble and insoluble substances:

1. Soluble substances: Soluble substances are those that can dissolve in a given solvent. Here are a few examples: - Salt (sodium chloride): Salt readily dissolves in water, forming a clear solution. - Sugar (sucrose): Sugar dissolves easily in water, resulting in a sweet solution. - Ethanol: Ethanol is soluble in water and forms a homogeneous mixture. - Ammonium nitrate: Ammonium nitrate is soluble in water and dissolves readily.

2. Insoluble substances: Insoluble substances do not dissolve in a given solvent. Here are a few examples: - Oil: Oil does not dissolve in water and forms a separate layer. - Sand: Sand does not dissolve in water and settles at the bottom, forming a suspension. - Silver chloride: Silver chloride is insoluble in water and forms a precipitate when mixed with a silver nitrate solution. - Calcium carbonate: Calcium carbonate is insoluble in water and forms a white precipitate when mixed with a calcium chloride solution.

Please note that the solubility of substances can vary depending on factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solvent.