Question

В чем отличие и сходство клонирования и полиэмбрионии

Answer 1

Объяснение:

• Полиэмбриония — способ размножения организмов, когда идет развитие более одного зародыша из одной зиготы у животных или образование нескольких зародышей в одном семени у растений. Слово образовано из др.-греч. πολύς — «многочисленный»
• Клонирование- появление естественным путём или получение нескольких генетически идентичных организмов путём бесполого размножения (вегетативного размножения, полиэмбрионии

Answer 2

Cloning and Polyembryony: Similarities and Differences

Cloning and polyembryony are both biological processes that involve the production of multiple organisms from a single parent. However, there are some key differences between the two processes.

Cloning is the process of creating an identical copy of an organism. It can be done through various methods, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or artificial embryo twinning. In SCNT, the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred into an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed. This results in the creation of an embryo that is genetically identical to the donor of the somatic cell. Cloning can also occur naturally, such as in the case of identical twins.

Polyembryony, on the other hand, is a natural phenomenon that occurs in some organisms where multiple embryos develop from a single fertilized egg. This can happen through various mechanisms, such as cleavage of the zygote or the formation of multiple embryos within the same egg. Polyembryony is observed in certain animals, such as armadillos and some species of insects, as well as in some plants.

While both cloning and polyembryony involve the production of multiple organisms from a single parent, there are some notable differences between the two processes:

1. Genetic Identity: Cloning results in the creation of genetically identical organisms, whereas polyembryony can result in genetically similar but not identical offspring. In polyembryony, the multiple embryos may have slight genetic variations due to genetic recombination or mutations.

2. Mechanism: Cloning is an artificial process that requires laboratory techniques, whereas polyembryony can occur naturally in certain organisms.

3. Purpose: Cloning is often done for specific purposes, such as scientific research, preservation of endangered species, or reproduction of desirable traits in agriculture. Polyembryony, on the other hand, is a natural reproductive strategy that allows for the production of multiple offspring.

In summary, cloning and polyembryony are both processes that involve the production of multiple organisms from a single parent. However, cloning is an artificial process that results in genetically identical offspring, while polyembryony is a natural phenomenon that can result in genetically similar but not identical offspring.