Question

Які функції молекул рРНК?

Answer 1

Ответ:

Молекулы рРНК (рибосомной РНК) в комплексе с белками составляют клеточные органоиды - рибосомы, служащие для синтеза белка в клетке, то есть трансляции - считывания информации с иРНК и синтеза по ней аминокислотной цепи - белка

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Functions of RNA molecules

RNA molecules play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Here are some of the key functions of RNA:

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA): mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. It carries the instructions for the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

2. Transfer RNA (tRNA): tRNA molecules are responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule recognizes a specific codon on the mRNA and carries the corresponding amino acid.

3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): rRNA is a major component of ribosomes, which are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. rRNA molecules help in the assembly of ribosomes and catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

4. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): snRNA molecules are involved in the processing of pre-mRNA, which includes the removal of introns and splicing together of exons. They are part of the spliceosome, a complex involved in RNA splicing.

5. Small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA): snoRNA molecules are involved in the modification of rRNA and snRNA. They guide the addition of chemical modifications, such as methyl groups, to specific nucleotides in these RNA molecules.

6. MicroRNA (miRNA): miRNA molecules play a role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They bind to specific mRNA molecules and can either degrade the mRNA or inhibit its translation into protein.

7. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA): lncRNA molecules have diverse functions and are involved in various cellular processes, including gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and X-chromosome inactivation.

It's important to note that these are just a few examples of the functions of RNA molecules. RNA is a versatile molecule that plays many other roles in the cell, and ongoing research continues to uncover new functions and mechanisms of RNA molecules.