Question

Из каких органов состоят опорно-двигательная, дыхательная, кровеносная, центральная нервная системы рыб?

Answer 1

Опорно-двигательная система: 
1 — челюсти; 
2 — череп; 
3 — жаберная крышка; 
4 — плечевой пояс; 
5 — скелет грудного плавника; 
6 — скелет брюшного плавника; 
7 — ребра; 
8 — плавниковые лучи; 
9 — позвонки; 

Кровеносная и дыхательная системы:
1 — сердце; 
2 — брюшная аорта; 
3 — приносящие жаберные артерии: 
4 — выносящие жаберные артерии;
5 — сонная артерия (несет кровь к голове); 
6 — спинная аорта; 
7 — кардинальные вены (несут кровь к сердцу); 
8 — брюшная вена; 
9 — капиллярная сеть внутренних  органов.

Центральная нервная система:
1 — черепно-мозговые нервы; 
2 — головной мозг; 
3 — спинной мозг;
4 — спинномозговые нервы.

Answer 2

Organs of the Skeletal, Respiratory, Circulatory, and Central Nervous Systems in Fish

In fish, the organs of the skeletal, respiratory, circulatory, and central nervous systems are as follows:

Skeletal System: The skeletal system of fish consists of bones, cartilage, and other connective tissues. It provides support, protection, and facilitates movement. The main organs of the skeletal system in fish include the skull, vertebral column, and fins.

Respiratory System: The respiratory system of fish is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide. The key organs of the respiratory system in fish are the gills, which are specialized structures for gas exchange. Gills are supported by gill arches and are covered by a bony plate called the operculum.

Circulatory System: The circulatory system in fish includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through the gills where it picks up oxygen and then circulates it throughout the body. The circulatory system in fish is single-loop, meaning that blood passes through the heart only once in each complete circuit of the body.

Central Nervous System: The central nervous system of fish consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain coordinates sensory information, motor responses, and higher functions, while the spinal cord serves as a pathway for transmitting information between the brain and the rest of the body. The central nervous system in fish plays a crucial role in controlling various physiological and behavioral processes.

These organs collectively enable fish to perform essential functions such as movement, respiration, circulation, and sensory processing, allowing them to thrive in aquatic environments.