Question

Определи, верны ли утверждения. Антибиотики нарушают работу кровеносной системы, влияют на количество мочи, объем мочи в крови. Недоедание – одна из наиболее частых причин поражения почек. Чрезмерное употребление очень соленой или сладкой пищи не влияет на водно-солевой баланс в организме. Интоксикация – это выброс в организм собственных продуктов распада.

Answer 1

Ответ:

1. верно

2. верно

3. неверно

4. неверно

Объяснение:

Answer 2

Antibiotics and the Cardiovascular System, Urine Volume, and Blood Volume

The claim that antibiotics disrupt the functioning of the cardiovascular system and affect urine volume and blood volume is partially true.

While some antibiotics can have side effects on the cardiovascular system, such as causing irregular heart rhythms or affecting blood pressure, these effects are not common and vary depending on the specific antibiotic used. It is important to note that not all antibiotics have these effects, and the majority of antibiotics do not directly impact the cardiovascular system.

Regarding urine volume and blood volume, antibiotics generally do not have a direct effect on these parameters. However, certain antibiotics, such as diuretic antibiotics, can increase urine production and subsequently affect blood volume. These antibiotics are specifically designed to increase urine output and are used to treat conditions such as edema or high blood pressure. It is important to note that not all antibiotics have diuretic effects, and the majority of antibiotics do not directly impact urine volume or blood volume.

Malnutrition and Kidney Damage

The claim that malnutrition is one of the most common causes of kidney damage is partially true.

Malnutrition can contribute to kidney damage, especially in cases of severe and prolonged malnutrition. When the body lacks essential nutrients, it can lead to various complications, including kidney dysfunction. Malnutrition can affect the kidneys by causing electrolyte imbalances, impaired kidney function, and structural damage to the kidneys. However, it is important to note that there are many other factors that can contribute to kidney damage, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain medications.

While malnutrition can be a significant risk factor for kidney damage, it is not the sole cause. Other factors, such as underlying medical conditions and lifestyle choices, can also play a role in kidney damage.

Excessive Consumption of Salty or Sweet Food and Water-Salt Balance

The claim that excessive consumption of very salty or sweet food does not affect the water-salt balance in the body is false.

Excessive consumption of very salty or sweet food can indeed affect the water-salt balance in the body. Consuming excessive amounts of salt can lead to water retention and an imbalance in the body's fluid levels. This can result in increased blood pressure and strain on the cardiovascular system. On the other hand, excessive consumption of sweet food, particularly sugary drinks, can lead to increased thirst and subsequently increased water intake. This can also affect the body's water-salt balance.

Maintaining a balanced diet and consuming moderate amounts of salt and sugar is important for maintaining a healthy water-salt balance in the body.

Intoxication and the Accumulation of Metabolic Waste Products

The claim that intoxication refers to the accumulation of the body's own metabolic waste products is false.

Intoxication typically refers to the state of being poisoned or affected by the ingestion of toxic substances, such as alcohol or drugs. It does not specifically refer to the accumulation of the body's own metabolic waste products.

Metabolic waste products are byproducts of normal cellular metabolism and are typically eliminated from the body through various excretory organs, such as the kidneys, liver, and lungs. The accumulation of metabolic waste products in the body can lead to various health issues, but it is not synonymous with intoxication.

It is important to note that the body has natural mechanisms to eliminate metabolic waste products and maintain homeostasis. Kidneys, for example, play a crucial role in filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them in the form of urine.