Question

Роль воды в прорастании семян

Answer 1

Ответ:

Вода, таким образом, является необходимым условием прорастания семян, она стимулирует их прорастание.

Объяснение:

Проникнув в семя, вода вызывает его набухание – семя несколько увеличивается в объеме. При этом запасные питательные вещества, находящиеся в эндосперме и семядолях, переходят в растворимое состояние. Они разжижаются и становятся доступными для живого зародыша. Роль воды в прорастании семян легко доказать опытным путем.

Answer 2

The Role of Water in Seed Germination

Water plays a crucial role in the process of seed germination. It is essential for activating enzymes, breaking seed dormancy, and providing the necessary conditions for the growth of the embryo.

Activation of Enzymes: During seed germination, enzymes are activated to break down stored nutrients in the seed, such as starch and proteins, into simpler forms that can be used by the growing embryo. Water is required to activate these enzymes and initiate the metabolic processes necessary for germination.

Breaking Seed Dormancy: Many seeds have a protective outer layer that prevents water and oxygen from entering the seed. This dormancy mechanism ensures that the seed remains viable until conditions are favorable for germination. Water is necessary to penetrate this protective layer and trigger the germination process.

Imbibition: Imbibition is the process by which seeds absorb water and swell. This process softens the seed coat and allows the embryo to expand and grow. Water is essential for imbibition to occur, as it provides the necessary hydration for the seed to become active and initiate growth.

Transport of Nutrients: Water acts as a medium for the transport of nutrients from the surrounding soil to the seed. Once the seed coat is penetrated and the embryo starts to grow, water helps in the absorption of minerals and nutrients necessary for the development of the seedling.

Maintenance of Turgor Pressure: Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid inside the plant cells against the cell wall. Water uptake during seed germination helps maintain turgor pressure, which is essential for cell expansion and growth.

In summary, water is vital for seed germination as it activates enzymes, breaks seed dormancy, facilitates imbibition, transports nutrients, and maintains turgor pressure. Without water, seeds would remain dormant and unable to initiate the growth process.

I hope this information is helpful! Let me know if you have any further questions.