Question

Как регулируется процесс образования мочи в организме? СРОЧНО!!!​

Answer 1

Ответ:

Процессы образования мочи регулируются нервной системой и гуморальными факторами. Вегетативная нервная система влияет на скорость мочеобразования и механизмы выведения мочи. Одним из факторов, регулирующих мочевыделительную систему, является увеличение или уменьшение объема крови, протекающей через почки. На процессы мочеобразования влияют биологически активные вещества: гормоны некоторых желез внутренней секреции, гормон вазопрессин, соленая пища и т.д.

Answer 2

Ответ:

Процессы образования и выведения мочи регулируются нервной системой и гуморальными факторами. Вегетативная нервная система влияет на скорость мочеобразования и механизмы выведения мочи. Одним из факторов, регулирующих мочевыделительную систему, является увеличение или уменьшение объема крови, протекающей через почки. Это связано с изменением просвета сосудов, приносящих кровь к почкам. На процессы мочеобразования влияют биологически активные вещества. К ним относятся гормоны некоторых желез внутренней секреции, в частности гормон гипофиза — вазопрессин. На образование и выведение мочи влияют количество потребленной человеком жидкости, соленая пища, спортивные и физические нагрузки.

Объяснение:

Answer 3

Regulation of Urine Formation in the Body

The process of urine formation in the body is regulated by several organs and systems, including the kidneys, the urinary system, and hormonal control mechanisms.

1. Kidneys: The kidneys play a crucial role in the formation of urine. They filter waste products, excess water, and other substances from the blood to produce urine. The kidneys consist of millions of tiny filtering units called nephrons, which are responsible for the filtration process.

2. Filtration: The first step in urine formation is filtration. Blood enters the kidneys through the renal arteries, and the nephrons filter out waste products, such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine, as well as excess water and electrolytes. This filtration process occurs in the glomerulus, a network of tiny blood vessels within each nephron.

3. Reabsorption: After filtration, the filtered fluid, known as the filtrate, moves into the renal tubules. In this stage, essential substances, such as glucose, amino acids, and electrolytes, are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. This reabsorption process helps maintain the body's balance of water and electrolytes.

4. Secretion: In addition to reabsorption, the renal tubules also secrete certain substances into the filtrate. This secretion process involves the transfer of substances, such as hydrogen ions and certain drugs, from the blood into the filtrate. It helps eliminate additional waste products and maintain the body's acid-base balance.

5. Hormonal Control: Hormones play a crucial role in regulating urine formation. The two main hormones involved are antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone.

- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): ADH, also known as vasopressin, is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. It acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, reducing urine output. ADH is released in response to changes in blood osmolarity and helps maintain the body's water balance.

- Aldosterone: Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It acts on the renal tubules to increase the reabsorption of sodium ions and water, while promoting the excretion of potassium ions. Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.

6. Other Factors: Several other factors can influence urine formation, including blood pressure, blood volume, and the concentration of certain substances in the blood. For example, low blood pressure or dehydration can stimulate the release of hormones that increase water reabsorption and reduce urine output.

In summary, the process of urine formation in the body is regulated by the kidneys, which filter waste products and excess water from the blood. Reabsorption and secretion processes help maintain the body's balance of water, electrolytes, and other substances. Hormones, such as ADH and aldosterone, play a crucial role in regulating water reabsorption and urine output. Other factors, such as blood pressure and blood volume, also influence urine formation