Question

Какие структуры отвечают за наследственность? пж дайте ответ

Answer 1

Хромосомы, заключённые в ядре клетки, являются носителями генов и представляют собой материальную основу наследственности.

Answer 2

Structures Responsible for Heredity

Heredity, or the passing of traits from parents to offspring, is primarily governed by genetic structures. The two main structures responsible for heredity are genes and chromosomes.

Genes are segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contain the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. They determine the traits and characteristics that are inherited from parents. Genes are located on chromosomes.

Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins. They are found in the nucleus of cells and carry the genetic information. Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent. These chromosomes contain thousands of genes that determine various traits, such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to certain diseases.

During reproduction, the genetic information from both parents is combined. Each parent contributes one set of chromosomes, resulting in a unique combination of genes in the offspring. This process ensures genetic diversity and variation within a species.

It is important to note that while genes and chromosomes play a significant role in heredity, environmental factors can also influence the expression of certain traits. The study of heredity and the interaction between genes and the environment is known as genetics.

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