Question

Как готовятся к зиме растения и кустарники?

Answer 1

Ответ:
Во второй половине лета деревья и кустарники, закончив свой рост, приступают к закалке. Молодые однолетние побеги к холодам должны успеть одревеснеть. Покрывающая их кора из зеленой становится бурой, бордовой или серой - в зависимости от особенностей вида и сорта. Кроме того лиственные растений сбасывают листву, интенсивность обмена веществ резко падает
Объяснение

Answer 2

How do plants and shrubs prepare for winter?

Plants and shrubs have various mechanisms to prepare for the winter season. Here are some ways they adapt to the colder temperatures and harsh conditions:

1. Dormancy: Many plants and shrubs enter a state of dormancy during winter. This is a period of slowed growth and reduced metabolic activity, allowing them to conserve energy and withstand the cold weather.

2. Leaf Drop: Deciduous plants and shrubs shed their leaves in preparation for winter. This helps them conserve energy and reduce water loss through transpiration.

3. Hardening: Some plants and shrubs undergo a process called hardening, where they develop thicker cell walls and accumulate sugars and other compounds that act as antifreeze. This helps protect their tissues from freezing temperatures.

4. Root Growth: Plants and shrubs focus on root growth during the fall season to ensure they have a strong and healthy root system to support them during winter. This allows them to absorb water and nutrients from the soil even when the ground is frozen.

5. Protection: Some plants and shrubs have adaptations to protect themselves from winter conditions. For example, coniferous trees have needle-like leaves that reduce water loss and can withstand snow accumulation. Additionally, some plants produce a waxy coating on their leaves to prevent moisture loss.

6. Snow Accumulation: Snow can provide insulation for plants and shrubs, protecting them from extreme cold temperatures. The layer of snow acts as a barrier against freezing winds and helps maintain a more stable temperature around the plants.

7. Deciduous Trees: Deciduous trees, such as maple and oak, go through a process called abscission, where they form a protective layer of cells at the base of each leaf stem. This layer eventually causes the leaf to fall off, preventing water loss and damage from freezing temperatures.

It's important to note that different plant species have different adaptations and strategies to survive winter, and the specific preparations may vary depending on the climate and region.